Dyah PancapanaDyah Pancapana (7 October 746 – 1 April 784) or regnal name Śrī Mahārāja Dyaḥ Pañcapaṇa Kariyāna Paṇaṃkaraṇa Śrī Saṅgrāmadhanañjaya, was the second king of Mataram from the Shailendra dynasty whose kingdom was centered on the Java island Indonesia. He was the immediate successor of Sri Sanjaya, the founder of Sanjaya Dynasty as mentioned in the Kalasan inscription. The name of Panangkaran is mentioned in the Balitung charter (found in the Kedu Plain area) as the line of kings who were named as the 'builders of kraton'.
SamaratunggaSamaratungga was the head of the Sailendra dynasty who ruled Mataram Kingdom and Srivijaya in the 8th and the 9th century. He was the successor of King Indra, and his name was mentioned in Karangtengah inscription dated 824 CE as the constructor of a sacred Buddhist building called Venuvana (Sanskrit: bamboo forest) to place the cremated ashes of his predecessor King Indra of Sailendra. During his administration, he initiated the construction of a massive Buddhist monument Borobudur.
Sanjaya dynastyThe Sanjaya dynasty (सञ्जय) was an ancient Javanese dynasty that ruled the Mataram kingdom in Java during the first millennium CE. The dynasty was an active promoter of Hinduism in ancient Java. According to the Canggal inscription, the dynasty was founded in 732 by Sanjaya. The Canggal inscription was discovered in the village of Canggal, southwest of the town of Magelang. This inscription was written in the south Indian Tamil Pallava script and describes the erection of a linga (symbol of Shiva) on the hill in the Kunjarakunja area.
Mataram KingdomThe Mataram Kingdom (mɑːtɑːrɑːm, ꦩꦠꦫꦩ꧀, mətaram); also known as Medang Kingdom was a Javanese Hindu–Buddhist kingdom that flourished between the 8th and 11th centuries. It was based in Central Java, and later in East Java. Established by King Sanjaya, the kingdom was ruled by the Shailendra dynasty and Ishana dynasty. During most of its history the kingdom seems have relied heavily on agriculture, especially extensive rice farming, and later also benefited from maritime trade.
Sailendravignette| Scène à la cour de Sailendra, bas-relief du temple de Borobudur, . La dynastie Sailendra (IAST : Śailēndra, dérivé du sanskrit Śaila et Indra, "Roi de la Montagne", aussi écrit Shailendra, Syailendra, Selendra ou Çailendra) est une dynastie indonésienne ayant régné sur l'ancien royaume de Mataram et Srivijaya, sur l'île de Java, à partir du . Leur règne est marqué par une renaissance culturelle de la région dont témoigne le temple de Borobudur, aujourd'hui classé au patrimoine mondial de l'Unesco.
SriwijayaSriwijaya (Śrīvijaya, encore écrit Shrîvijaya, Srivijaya ou Sri Vijaya, prononcer Srividjaya), « éclatante victoire » ou « brillante réussite », est le nom d'une cité-État du sud de Sumatra en Indonésie, qui se trouvait sur l'emplacement de l'actuelle Palembang : c'était une thalassocratie commerciale (et non un « empire » au sens territorial). On la connaît par trois sources : des inscriptions en vieux-malais trouvées en Indonésie dans le sud de l'île de Sumatra et l'île voisine de Bangka (dans l'actuelle province des îles Bangka Belitung), des annales chinoises et des écrits de voyageurs arabes.
