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Concept

Relay lens

In optics, a relay lens is a lens or a group of lenses that receives the from the objective lens and relays it to the eyepiece. Relay lenses are found in refracting telescopes, endoscopes, and periscopes to optically manipulate the light path, extend the length of the whole optical system, and usually serve the purpose of inverting the image. They may be made of one or more conventional lenses or achromatic doublets, or a long cylindrical gradient-index of refraction lens (a GRIN lens). Relay lenses operate by producing intermediate planes of focus. For example, in a SLR camera the zoom lens produces an image plane where the or photographic film would usually go. If you place another lens with focal length f at the distance 2f from that image plane and then put an image sensor at 2f beyond that lens, that lens will relay the first image to the second image with 1:1 magnification (see showing that with object distance from the lens, the image distance from the lens is calculated to ). Ideally, this second image is the mirror image of the first image, so you could put an image sensor there and record the mirrored first image. If a longer distance is needed, this can be repeated. In practice, the lens will be an achromatic doublet. In modern optical telescopes and telescopic sights with a dual-focal plane design, the objective image is typically already inverted upon reaching the relay lenses, and thus needed to be inverted again back into an (i.e. "erecting" the image) before passing to the eyepiece, so the viewer actually sees an upright target. The relay lens group is the optical component responsible for that re-inversion, and therefore sometimes collectively called the erector lenses. Also, for endoscope applications, where small tube diameter is desirable, most of the tube is filled with glass, with thin air gaps to allow for powered surfaces; because marginal ray angle is smaller at a given numerical aperture the higher the index of refraction, this allows the relay to have higher NA for a given diameter.

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Concepts associés (3)
Monocular
A monocular is a compact refracting telescope used to magnify images of distant objects, typically using an optical prism to ensure an , instead of using relay lenses like most telescopic sights. The volume and weight of a monocular are typically less than half of a pair of binoculars with similar optical properties, making it more portable and also less expensive. This is because binoculars are essentially a pair of monoculars packed together — one for each eye.
Optical telescope
An optical telescope is a telescope that gathers and focuses light mainly from the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, to create a magnified image for direct visual inspection, to make a photograph, or to collect data through electronic s. There are three primary types of optical telescope: Refracting telescopes, which use lenses and less commonly also prisms (dioptrics) Reflecting telescopes, which use mirrors (catoptrics) Catadioptric telescopes, which combine lenses and mirrors An optical telescope's ability to resolve small details is directly related to the diameter (or aperture) of its objective (the primary lens or mirror that collects and focuses the light), and its light-gathering power is related to the area of the objective.
Jumelles
Des jumelles sont un instrument d'optique binoculaire grossissant destiné à l'observation d'objets à distance, constitué de deux lunettes symétriques montées en parallèle. L'intérêt des jumelles par rapport à une lunette simple est, dans une certaine mesure, de pouvoir conserver la vision stéréoscopique. Certaines jumelles de marine à très longue portée sont même conçues avec un écartement important des axes optiques en entrée, de manière à améliorer la perception de la profondeur pour des objets lointains.

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