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Electrode effects are known for more than 150 years. These effects, with undesirable consequences in industrial aluminium electrolysis, can be used to micro-machine glass with Spark Assisted Chemical Engraving (SACE). In this paper, a novel approach for th ...
We are surrounded by glass! This material has been greatly used for thousand years. More than 2000 years ago in ancient Egypt glass was used to manufacture bottles of perfume. So its first uses were primarily related to decoration and jewellery. The resear ...
The knowledge of lightning current parameters comes essentially from direct measurements obtained using instrumented towers or triggered lightning, and from measurements of lightning electromagnetic fields assuming empirical or theoretical relations betwee ...
We compare three different approaches to high-resolution contact lithography with special emphasis on contrast mechanisms for subwavelength structures. Masks with protruding metal absorbers, masks with absorbers embedded in the transparent background, and ...
The basic information for designers of lightning protection of MV and LV networks is given in Part I of the present publication. This Part II gives an application of this basic information to the lightning protection of MV networks containing overhead line ...
We report the results of photoluminescence (PL), transmission and photoconductance (PC) studies of InxGa1-xN alloys grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) or molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). First, we demonstrate that PC measurements allow to ...
Vertical electric field waveforms of leader-return stroke sequences measured 500 m and 30 m from rocket-triggered lightning are presented. The 500-m data were recorded during the boreal summer of 1986, the 30-m data during the summer of 1991, both at the N ...
This Letter presents the first direct experimental measurements of the damping of toroidicity-induced Alfven eigenmodes (TAE), carried out in the JET tokamak. These measurements were obtained during the first experiments to drive these modes with antennas ...
The statistical assessment of the lightning-performances of distribution lines must take into account the presence of protection devices such as surge arresters and shielding wire/neutral groundings. Indeed, the presence of those devices does modify the in ...
An electrically pumped VCSEL (10) and a method of its fabrication are presented. The VCSEL (10) comprises an active cavity material (14) sandwiched between top and bottom DBR stacks (12a, 12b), the top DBR (12b) having at least one n-semiconductor layer. T ...
