PhotinPhotinus (Greek: Φωτεινός; died 376) was a Christian bishop of Sirmium in Pannonia Secunda (today the town Sremska Mitrovica in Serbia), best known for denying the incarnation of Christ, thus being considered a heresiarch by both the Catholic and Orthodox Churches. His name became synonymous in later literature for someone asserting that Christ was not God. His teachings are mentioned by various ancient authors, like Ambrosiaster (Pseudo-Ambrose), Hilary of Poitiers, Socrates Scholasticus, Sozomen, Ambrose of Milan, Augustine of Hippo, John Cassian, Sulpicius Severus, Jerome, Vigilius of Thapsus and many others.
Denial of the virgin birth of JesusDenial of the virgin birth of Jesus is found among various groups and individuals throughout the history of Christianity. These groups and individuals often took an approach to Christology that understands Jesus to be human, the literal son of human parents. In the 19th century , the view was sometimes called psilanthropism, a term that derives from the combination of the Greek ψιλός (psilós), "plain", "mere" or "bare", and ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos) "human". Psilanthropists then generally denied both the virgin birth of Jesus and his divinity.
KénoseLa kénose est une notion de théologie chrétienne qui signifie que Dieu se dépouille de certains attributs de sa divinité. Le terme vient du grec ancien, , kenosis : « action de vider, de se dépouiller de toute chose », provenant du verbe kénoô () : « vider », « se dépouiller de soi-même ». Il est employé, entre autres, dans l’Épître de Paul aux Philippiens : Cette notion a suscité de nombreux développements d’une théologie qui insiste sur l’abaissement de Dieu.
