Empilement Pi

droite|vignette| Trois conformations du dimère de benzène En chimie, l' empilement pi (également appelé empilement π – π ) fait référence à des interactions attractives et non-covalentes entre les cycles aromatiques, car ils contiennent des liaisons pi . Ces interactions sont importantes dans l'empilement de nucléobases dans les molécules d' ADN et d' ARN, le repliement des protéines, la synthèse dirigée par matrice, la science des matériaux et la reconnaissance moléculaire, bien que certaines recherches suggèrent que l'empilement pi peut ne pas être opérationnel dans certaines de ces applications. Malgré un intérêt expérimental et théorique intense, il n'y a pas de description unifiée des facteurs qui contribuent aux interactions d'empilement pi. Preuve de l'empilement pi Le dimère de benzène est le système prototypique pour l'étude de l'empilement pi, et est lié expérimentalement par 8–12 kJ/mol (2–3 kcal/mol) en phase gazeuse avec une séparation de 4,96 Å entre les centr

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Array-based sensing of purine derivatives with fluorescent dyes

Ziya Köstereli, Kay Severin

Natural and synthetic purine derivatives such as caffeine, theophylline, 6-mercaptopurine and 8-chlorotheophylline are important drugs. Due to the structural similarity of these compounds, it is intrinsically difficult to prepare chemosensors for their selective optical detection. Here, we describe a sensor array which can be used to differentiate pharmacologically important purine derivatives with good accuracy. The array is composed of four polysufonated fluorescent dyes, all of which can bind purines via π-stacking interactions. The complexation of the analytes results in partial quenching of the fluorescence. The fluorescence response of the four dyes provides a characteristic signal pattern, enabling the identification of thirteen purine derivatives at low millimolar concentration. Furthermore, it is possible to use the array for obtaining information about the quantity and purity of purine samples.

Royal Soc Chemistry2015

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Electronic Relaxation Dynamics of UV-Photoexcited 2-Aminopurine-Thymine Base Pairs in Watson-Crick and Hoogsteen Conformations

Rebecca Ann Ingle, Hugo Jean Baptiste Marroux

The fluorescent analogue 2-aminopurine (2AP) of the canonical nucleobase adenine (6-aminopurine) base-pairs with thymine (T) without disrupting the helical structure of DNA. It therefore finds frequent use in molecular biology for probing DNA and RNA structures and conformational dynamics. However, detailed understanding of the processes responsible for fluorescence quenching remains largely elusive on a fundamental level. Although attempts have been made to ascribe decreased excited-state lifetimes to intrastrand charge-transfer and stacking interactions, possible influences from dynamic interstrand H-bonding have been widely ignored. Here, we investigate the electronic relaxation of UV-excited 2AP center dot T in Watson Crick (WC) and Hoogsteen (HS) conformations. Although the WC conformation features slowed-down, monomer-like electronic relaxation in tau similar to 1.6 ns toward ground-state recovery and triplet formation, the dynamics associated with 2AP center dot T in the HS motif exhibit faster deactivation in tau similar to 70 ps. As recent research has revealed abundant transient interstrand H-bonding in the Hoogsteen motif for duplex DNA, the established model for dynamic fluorescence quenching may need to be revised in the light of our results. The underlying supramolecular photophysical mechanisms are discussed in terms of a proposed excited-state double-proton transfer as an efficient deactivation channel for recovery of the HS species in the electronic ground state.

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2019

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Stacking transition in rhombohedral graphite

Gabriele Berruto, Fabrizio Carbone, Tatiana Latychevskaia, Ivan Madan, Servet Ozdemir

Few-layer graphene (FLG) has recently been intensively investigated for its variable electronic properties, which are defined by a local atomic arrangement. While the most natural arrangement of layers in FLG is ABA (Bernal) stacking, a metastable ABC (rhombohedral) stacking, characterized by a relatively high-energy barrier, can also occur. When both types of stacking occur in one FLG device, the arrangement results in an in-plane heterostructure with a domain wall (DW). In this paper, we present two approaches to demonstrate that the ABC stacking in FLG can be controllably and locally turned into the ABA stacking. In the first approach, we introduced Joule heating, and the transition was characterized by 2D peak Raman spectra at a submicron spatial resolution. The transition was initiated in a small region, and then the DW was controllably shifted until the entire device became ABA stacked. In the second approach, the transition was achieved by illuminating the ABC region with a train of 790-nm-wavelength laser pulses, and the transition was visualized by transmission electron microscopy in both diffraction and dark-field imaging modes. Further, using this approach, the DW was visualized at a nanoscale spatial resolution in the dark-field imaging mode.

HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS2019

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ENV-507: Fate and behaviour of environmental contaminants

The student will learn the important processes that control the transport and transformation of organic chemicals in the environment, as well as the formulation and solution of quantitative models to describe these processes.

Chimie supramoléculaire

La chimie supramoléculaire est une des branches de la chimie qui repose sur les interactions non-covalentes ou faibles entre atomes au sein d'une molécule ou entre molécules, au sein d'un ensemble

Interaction non covalente

Une interaction non covalente diffère d'une liaison covalente en ce qu'elle n'implique pas le partage d'électrons, mais implique plutôt des variations plus dispersées des interactions électromagnétiqu

Chimie hôte-invité

En chimie supramoléculaire, la chimie hôte-invité décrit des complexes qui sont composés de deux ou plusieurs molécules ou ions qui sont maintenus ensemble par des forces autres que celles des liaison