A parallel optical interface is a form of fiber optic technology aimed primarily at communications and networking over relatively short distances (less than 300 meters), and at high bandwidths.
Parallel optic interfaces differ from traditional fiber optic communication in that data is simultaneously transmitted and received over multiple fibers. Different methods exist for splitting the data over this high bandwidth link. In the simplest form, the parallel optic link is a replacement for many serial data communication links. In the more typical application, one byte of information is split up into bits and each bit is coded and sent across the individual fibers. Needless to say, there are many ways to perform this multiplexing provided the fundamental coding at the fiber level meets the channel requirement.
The main applications for parallel optical interfaces are found in telecommunications and supercomputers, also being introduced to consumer applications. It displaces copper backplanes that are commonly used for large switching equipment design.
There are two forms of commercially available products for parallel optic interfaces. The first is a twelve channel system consisting of an optical transmitter and an optical receiver. The second is a four channel transceiver product that is capable of transmitting four channels and receiving four channels in one product.
Parallel optics is often the most cost effective solution for getting 40 Gigabit per second transmission of data over distances exceeding 100 meters. 100GE Optical Transceiver comes with 100 Gigabit of data transmit. Data is delivered in both duplex and parallel mechanism with 100GE.
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10 Gigabit Ethernet est une expression utilisée pour désigner une variété de technologies utilisée pour implémenter le standard IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) à des débits compris entre 1000 et 10 000 Mbit/s. Ces technologies basées sur des standards de câblage reposent sur des liaisons filaires à fibre optique ou à paire torsadée. Les standards de câblage sont définis dans les normes suivantes : clauses 44 à 54 du groupe de normes IEEE 802.3. IEEE 802.3ae. IEEE 802.3ak. IEEE 802.3an. IEEE 802.3ap. IEEE 802.3aq.
Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of infrared or visible light through an optical fiber. The light is a form of carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. Fiber is preferred over electrical cabling when high bandwidth, long distance, or immunity to electromagnetic interference is required. This type of communication can transmit voice, video, and telemetry through local area networks or across long distances.
Thunderbolt est un format de connexion informatique conçu par Intel, dont les travaux ont débuté en 2007, sous le nom de code Light Peak. Cette connexion devait utiliser à terme la fibre optique, bien que ses premières implantations utilisent des fils de cuivre standards. Cette interface permet l'utilisation des protocoles DisplayPort et PCI Express dans la même interface. Le connecteur Mini DisplayPort, qui était notamment déjà présent sur les ordinateurs d'Apple, a été choisi comme interface standard pour Thunderbolt.
Robberechts Q, Wijnants M, Giugliano M, De Schutter E. Longterm depression at parallel fiber to Golgi cell synapses. J Neurophysiol 104: 3413-3423, 2010. First published September 22, 2010; doi:10.1152/jn.00030.2010. Golgi cells (GoCs) are the primary inhi ...
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As dictated by ongoing technology scaling and the advent of multi-core systems, each new generation of microprocessors and digital signal processors provides higher computing power and data throughput. However, the available bandwidth of the input/output ( ...
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This paper presents a versatile crosstalk cancellation scheme for single-ended multi-lane backplane links. System-level investigations show that a scheme, which combines analog filters and decision-feedback crosstalk compensation on the receiver (RX) side ...