The mature minor doctrine is a rule of law found in the United States and Canada accepting that an unemancipated minor patient may possess the maturity to choose or reject a particular health care treatment, sometimes without the knowledge or agreement of parents, and should be permitted to do so. It is now generally considered a form of patients rights; formerly, the mature minor rule was largely seen as protecting health care providers from criminal and civil claims by parents of minors at least 15.
Jurisdictions may codify an age of medical consent, accept the judgment of licensed providers regarding an individual minor, or accept a formal court decision following a request that a patient be designated a mature minor, or may rely on some combination. For example, patients at least 16 may be assumed to be mature minors for this purpose, patients aged 13 to 15 may be designated so by licensed providers, and pre-teen patients may be so-designated after evaluation by an agency or court. The mature minor doctrine is sometimes connected with enforcing confidentiality of minor patients from their parents.
In the United States, a typical statute lists: "Who may consent [or withhold consent for] surgical or medical treatment or procedures."
"...Any unemancipated minor of sufficient intelligence to understand and appreciate the consequences of the proposed surgical or medical treatment or procedures, for himself."
Emancipation of minors
By definition, a "mature minor" has been found to have the capacity for decisional autonomy, or the right to make decisions including whether to undergo risky medical but potentially life-saving medical decisions alone, without parental approval. By contrast, "medical emancipation" formally releases children from some parental involvement requirements but does not necessarily grant that decision making to children themselves. Pursuant to statute, several jurisdictions grant medical emancipation to a minor who has become pregnant or requires sexual-health services, thereby permitting medical treatment without parental consent and, often, confidentiality from parents.
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En droit civil, l'émancipation est un acte par lequel une personne mineure se dégage de toute autorité de la part de ses parents, à la demande de ces derniers. Émancipation des mineurs en France En droit français, la loi prévoit l'émancipation des mineurs par le mariage ou par décision judiciaire. L'émancipation, possible à partir de 16 ans révolus, met fin à l'autorité parentale et à l'incapacité du mineur, donc à l'administration légale et à la tutelle. Cependant, dans certains domaines, l'émancipation ne produit aucun effet.
La majorité civile ou majorité légale ou encore simplement majorité est l'âge auquel un individu est juridiquement considéré comme civilement capable et responsable, c'est-à-dire essentiellement l'âge à partir duquel il est capable de s'engager par les liens d'un contrat ou d'un autre acte juridique (sauf exception). Avant cet âge, l'individu est dit « mineur ». Un mineur peut être propriétaire ou être engagé par les liens d'un contrat, mais il ne peut disposer librement de sa propriété ni en principe s'engager seul (à moins d'être émancipé).
The youth rights movement (also known as youth liberation) seeks to grant the rights to young people that are traditionally reserved for adults, due to having reached a specific age or sufficient maturity. This is closely akin to the notion of evolving capacities within the children's rights movement, but the youth rights movement differs from the children's rights movement in that the latter places emphasis on the welfare and protection of children through the actions and decisions of adults, while the youth rights movement seeks to grant youth the liberty to make their own decisions autonomously in the ways adults are permitted to, or to lower the legal minimum ages at which such rights are acquired, such as the age of majority and the voting age.
The brain is probably the most complex system of the human body, composed of numerous neural units interconnected at dierent scales. This highly structured architecture provides the ability to communicate, synthesize information and perform the analytical ...