Concepts associés (8)
Comprehensive examination
In higher education, a comprehensive examination (or comprehensive exam or exams), often abbreviated as "comps", is a specific type of examination that must be completed by graduate students in some disciplines and courses of study, and also by undergraduate students in some institutions and departments. Unlike final examinations, comprehensive examinations are not linked to any particular course, but rather test knowledge across one or more general fields of study.
Doctor of Philosophy
A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: philosophiae doctor or doctor philosophiae) is the most common degree at the highest academic level, awarded following a course of study and research. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is an earned research degree, those studying for a PhD are required to produce original research that expands the boundaries of knowledge, normally in the form of a dissertation, and defend their work before a panel of other experts in the field.
Thèse
Une thèse (du nom grec thesis, se traduisant par « action de poser ») est une affirmation ou prise de position d'un locuteur, à l'égard du sujet ou du thème qu'il évoque. En philosophie et rhétorique, une thèse est une affirmation, qui peut se résumer en une simple phrase, mais est généralement soutenue par un ensemble organisé d'hypothèses, d'arguments et de conclusions. Il s'agit donc de la position d'un auteur, d’une école, d’une doctrine ou d’un mouvement sur un sujet donné.
Standardized test
A standardized test is a test that is administered and scored in a consistent, or "standard", manner. Standardized tests are designed in such a way that the questions and interpretations are consistent and are administered and scored in a predetermined, standard manner. Any test in which the same test is given in the same manner to all test takers, and graded in the same manner for everyone, is a standardized test. Standardized tests do not need to be high-stakes tests, time-limited tests, or multiple-choice tests.
Postgraduate education
Postgraduate education, graduate education, or grad school, refers to academic or professional degrees, certificates, diplomas, or other qualifications usually pursued by post-secondary students who have earned an undergraduate (bachelor's) degree. The organization and structure of postgraduate education varies in different countries, as well as in different institutions within countries.
Doctor of Medicine
Doctor of Medicine (abbreviated M.D., from the Latin Medicinae Doctor) is a medical degree, the meaning of which varies between different jurisdictions. In the United States, and some other countries, the M.D. denotes a professional degree. This generally arose because many in 18th-century medical professions trained in Scotland, which used the M.D. degree nomenclature. In England, however, Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery was used and eventually in the 19th century became the standard in Scotland too.
Doctorat
Le doctorat est un diplôme de troisième cycle universitaire, nommé philosophiæ doctor (PhD) dans les pays de langue anglaise. C'est aussi un grade délivré par ce diplôme, et une expérience de recherche. Ce diplôme est délivré par les universités et les établissements d'enseignement supérieur accrédités. Il donne droit au titre de docteur (Dr). D'autres diplômes, différents, peuvent reprendre ce nom, leur reconnaissance et leur contenu varient selon les pays.
Bachelor's degree
A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin baccalaureus) or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin baccalaureatus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to six years (depending on institution and academic discipline). The two most common bachelor's degrees are the Bachelor of Arts (BA) and the Bachelor of Science (BS or BSc).

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