Truly neutral particleIn particle physics, a truly neutral particle is a subatomic particle that is its own antiparticle. In other words, it remains itself under the charge conjugation, which replaces particles with their corresponding antiparticles. All charges of a truly neutral particle must be equal to zero. This requires particles to not only be electrically neutral, but also requires that all of their other charges (such as the colour charge) be neutral.
Flavor-changing neutral currentIn particle physics, flavor-changing neutral currents or flavour-changing neutral currents (FCNCs) are hypothetical interactions that change the flavor of a fermion without altering its electric charge. If they occur in nature (as reflected by Lagrangian interaction terms), these processes may induce phenomena that have not yet been observed in experiment. Flavor-changing neutral currents may occur in the Standard Model beyond the tree level, but they are highly suppressed by the GIM mechanism.
Gargamelle (détecteur)Gargamelle est une chambre à bulles du CERN, célèbre pour avoir mis en évidence l'interaction faible par courant neutre en . Le courant neutre fut la première preuve de l'existence des boson W et boson Z. Mis en service au CERN en 1970, il était conçu pour détecter les faisceaux de neutrinos et d'antineutrinos émis par le synchrotron à protons (PS ; 1970-76). En 1979, on découvrit une fissure impossible à réparer dans l'enceinte, ce qui conduisit au déclassement de ce détecteur. Catégorie:Expérience de phy
Unitarity gaugeIn theoretical physics, the unitarity gauge or unitary gauge is a particular choice of a gauge fixing in a gauge theory with a spontaneous symmetry breaking. In this gauge, the scalar fields responsible for the Higgs mechanism are transformed into a basis in which their Goldstone boson components are set to zero. In other words, the unitarity gauge makes the manifest number of scalar degrees of freedom minimal. The gauge was introduced to particle physics by Steven Weinberg in the context of the electroweak theory.
Méson J/ψEn physique des particules, le J/ψ (ψ étant la lettre grecque psi) est un méson, une particule composée d'un quark et d'un antiquark. Le J/ψ est un méson sans saveur composé d'un quark charm et d'un antiquark charm. Les mésons composés d'une paire charm-anticharm sont généralement connus sous le terme générique de « charmonium » ; le J/ψ est le premier état excité de charmonium (c'est-à-dire la forme de charmonium possédant la deuxième plus petite masse). Le J/ψ possède une masse de 3 096,9 MeV.
Weak chargeIn nuclear physics and atomic physics, weak charge refers to the Standard Model weak interaction coupling of a particle to the Z boson. For example, for any given nuclear isotope, the total weak charge is approximately −0.99 per neutron, and +0.07 per proton. It also shows an effect of parity violation during electron scattering. This same term is sometimes also used to refer to other, distinct quantities, such as weak isospin, weak hypercharge, or the vector coupling of a fermion to the Z boson (i.e.
Wu experimentThe Wu experiment was a particle and nuclear physics experiment conducted in 1956 by the Chinese American physicist Chien-Shiung Wu in collaboration with the Low Temperature Group of the US National Bureau of Standards. The experiment's purpose was to establish whether or not conservation of parity (P-conservation), which was previously established in the electromagnetic and strong interactions, also applied to weak interactions. If P-conservation were true, a mirrored version of the world (where left is right and right is left) would behave as the mirror image of the current world.
Charm (quantum number)Charm (symbol C) is a flavour quantum number representing the difference between the number of charm quarks (_charm quark) and charm antiquarks (_Charm antiquark) that are present in a particle: By convention, the sign of flavour quantum numbers agree with the sign of the electric charge carried by the quarks of corresponding flavour. The charm quark, which carries an electric charge (Q) of +, therefore carries a charm of +1. The charm antiquarks have the opposite charge (Q = −), and flavour quantum numbers (C = −1).
Self énergieL'auto-énergie ou self-énergie (en anglais) d'une particule élémentaire représente la contribution à son énergie, ou sa masse effective, due aux interactions entre la particule et le système dont elle fait partie. Par exemple, en électrostatique, la self énergie d'une distribution de charge donnée est l'énergie requise pour construire la distribution à partir des charges qui la constitue placé à l'infini, où la force électrique est nulle.
