Hétérophonie

In music, heterophony is a type of texture characterized by the simultaneous variation of a single melodic line. Such a texture can be regarded as a kind of complex monophony in which there is only one basic melody, but realized at the same time in multiple voices, each of which plays the melody differently, either in a different rhythm or tempo, or with various embellishments and elaborations. The term was initially introduced into systematic musicology to denote a subcategory of polyphonic music, though is now regarded as a textural category in its own right. Heterophony is often a characteristic feature of non-Western traditional musics—for example Ottoman classical music, Arabic classical music, Japanese Gagaku, the gamelan music of Indonesia, kulintang ensembles of the Philippines, and the traditional music of Thailand. In European traditions, there are also some examples of heterophony. One such example is dissonant heterophony of Dinaric Ganga or "Ojkavica" traditions from southern Bosnia, Croatia and Montenegro that is attributed to ancient Illyrian tradition. Another remarkably vigorous European tradition of heterophonic music exists, in the form of Outer Hebridean Gaelic psalmody. David Morton describes the texture in Thai music: Thai music is nonharmonic, melodic, or linear, and as is the case with all musics of this genre, its fundamental organization is horizontal... Thai music in its horizontal complex is made up of a main melody played simultaneously with variants of it which progress in relatively slower and faster rhythmic units... Individual lines of melody and variants sound in unison or octaves only at specific structural points, and the simultaneity of different pitches does not follow the Western system of organized chord progressions. Between the structural points where the pitches coincide (unison or octaves) each individual line follows the style idiomatic for the instrument playing it. The vertical complex at any given intermediary point follows no set progression; the linear adherence to style regulates.

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Homophony

In music, homophony (həˈmɒf(ə)niː,_hoʊ-;, Greek: ὁμόφωνος, homóphōnos, from ὁμός, homós, "same" and φωνή, phōnē, "sound, tone") is a texture in which a primary part is supported by one or more additional strands that provide the harmony. One melody predominates while the other parts play either single notes or an elaborate accompaniment. This differentiation of roles contrasts with equal-voice polyphony (in which similar lines move with rhythmic and melodic independence to form an even texture) and monophony (in which all parts move in unison or octaves).

Grain (musique)

In music, texture is how the tempo, melodic, and harmonic materials are combined in a musical composition, determining the overall quality of the sound in a piece. The texture is often described in regard to the density, or thickness, and range, or width, between lowest and highest pitches, in relative terms as well as more specifically distinguished according to the number of voices, or parts, and the relationship between these voices (see Common types below). For example, a thick texture contains many 'layers' of instruments.

Polyphonie

thumb|right|Guillaume Dufay (à gauche) et Gilles Binchois. En musique, la polyphonie est la combinaison de plusieurs mélodies, ou de parties musicales, chantées ou jouées en même temps. Dans la musique occidentale, la polyphonie désigne le système de composition musicale, créé à l'église à partir du environ et qui connut un brillant développement, depuis un premier apogée aux , jusqu'à la fin de la Renaissance (fin du ) et au-delà. À partir de la deuxième moitié du , la pensée et le sentiment harmonique naissants prirent une place de plus en plus importante.

Techniques de génération rythmique

Couvre les techniques de génération de rythme, y compris les modèles Markov et la génération de rythme hiérarchique, en mettant l'accent sur l'étude de Nancarrow 14.

The Impact of Voice Leading and Harmony on Musical Expectancy

Martin Alois Rohrmeier, Robert Lieck, Markus Franz Josef Neuwirth

In Western tonal music, voice leading (VL) and harmony are two central concepts influencing whether a musical sequence is perceived as well-formed. However, experimental studies have primarily focused on the effect of harmony on the cognitive processing of ...

2020