In the United States, a special counsel (formerly called special prosecutor or independent counsel) is a lawyer appointed to investigate, and potentially prosecute, a particular case of suspected wrongdoing for which a conflict of interest exists for the usual prosecuting authority. Other jurisdictions have similar systems. For example, the investigation of an allegation against a sitting president or attorney general might be handled by a special prosecutor rather than by an ordinary prosecutor who would otherwise be in the position of investigating his or her own superior. Special prosecutors also have handled investigations into those connected to the government but not in a position of direct authority over the Justice Department's prosecutors, such as cabinet secretaries or election campaigns.
While the most prominent special prosecutors have been those appointed since the 1870s to investigate presidents and those connected to them, the term can also be used to refer to any prosecutor appointed to avoid a conflict of interest or appearance thereof. The concept originates in state law: "state courts have traditionally appointed special prosecutors when the regular government attorney was disqualified from a case, whether for incapacitation or interest."
Because district attorneys' offices work closely with police, some activists argue that cases of police misconduct at the state and local level should be handled by special prosecutors.
The terms 'special prosecutor', 'independent counsel', and 'special counsel' have the same fundamental meaning, and their use (at least at the federal level in the U.S.) is generally differentiated by the time period to which they are being applied. The term 'special prosecutor' was used throughout the Watergate era, but was replaced by the less confrontational 'independent counsel' in the 1983 reauthorization of the Ethics in Government Act. Those appointed under that act after 1983 are generally referred to as 'independent counsels'.
Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.
The Mueller report, officially titled Report On The Investigation Into Russian Interference In The 2016 Presidential Election, is the official report documenting the findings and conclusions of former Special Counsel Robert Mueller's investigation into Russian efforts to interfere in the 2016 United States presidential election, allegations of conspiracy or coordination between Donald Trump's presidential campaign and Russia, and allegations of obstruction of justice.
Donald Trump (), né le à New York, est un homme d'affaires milliardaire, animateur, producteur de télévision et homme d'État américain. Membre du Parti républicain, il est le , du au . Fils du promoteur immobilier Fred Trump, il étudie à la Wharton School (Pennsylvanie). En 1971, il prend la direction de l'entreprise familiale, qu'il renomme The Trump Organization. Il se constitue dès lors un empire grâce à des bâtiments prestigieux, à l'instar de la Trump Tower et d'immeubles à l'étranger.
Robert Swan Mueller , né le à New York, est un avocat américain, directeur du Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) du au . En tant que procureur spécial, il conduit de 2017 à 2019 l'enquête sur l'affaire du Russiagate. Né d'un père travaillant pour le géant de l'industrie chimique DuPont, Robert Mueller grandit à Princeton, puis dans une banlieue de Philadelphie. Il est ensuite envoyé au prestigieux internat Paul dans le New Hampshire. Mueller y est capitaine des équipes de football, de hockey et de crosse.