HazaradjatLe Hazaristan, également appelé Hazaradjat, (en dari : prs) désigne littéralement « le pays des Hazaras », et correspond grossièrement aux régions centrales de l'Afghanistan actuel. Sa capitale traditionnelle est la ville de Bâmiyân. Les hautes vallées de Hazaristan (celle de Bâmiyân s'élève à environ ) sont dominées par les sommets de l'Hindou-Kouch, parmi lesquels le Koh-e Bâbâ, qui culmine à au , non loin de Bâmiyân. En raison de la nature des sols, des reliefs, des rigueurs du climat, la faune et la flore sont moins abondantes dans le Hazaristan que dans d'autres régions de l'Afghanistan.
BâmiyânBâmiyân ou Bamiyan (dari : prs) est une ville du centre de l’Afghanistan, capitale de la province de Bâmiyân. Sa population est d’environ , et elle est la capitale traditionnelle du Hazaradjat ou Hazaristan (« le Pays des Hazaras »). Le paysage culturel et les vestiges archéologiques de la vallée de Bâmiyân, dont les Bouddhas, sont inscrits sur les listes du patrimoine mondial et du patrimoine mondial en péril de l'UNESCO depuis 2003.
Samangan (province)Samangan (Dari: ; Pashto: ) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, located north of the Hindu Kush mountains in the central part of the country. The province covers and is surrounded by Sar-e Pol Province in the west, Balkh in the north, Baghlan in the east, and Bamyan in the south. Samangan province is divided into 7 districts and contains 674 villages. It has a population of about 325,000 which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society. The city of Aybak serves as the provincial capital.
Baghlan (province)350px|thumb|right|Districts de la province de Baghlan vignette|240x240px Baghlan ou Baghlân (en persan : بغلان) (autrefois Kataghan) est une province du nord de l'Afghanistan. Sa capitale est Pol-e Khomri, mais son nom est lié à la ville de Baghlan. La ville de Baghlan fut fondée par les Kouchans qui l'appelèrent Bagolango. La province est en grande partie constituée par le piémont nord de l'Hindou Kouch qui matérialise la totalité de sa frontière sud et sud-est.
Ghazni (province)Ghazni (غزنی) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in southeastern Afghanistan. The province contains 19 districts, encompassing over a thousand villages and roughly 1.3 million people, making it the 5th most populous province. The city of Ghazni serves as the capital. It lies on the important Kabul–Kandahar Highway, and has historically functioned as an important trade center. The Ghazni Airport is located next to the city of Ghazni and provides limited domestic flights to Afghanistan's capital, Kabul.
Histoire de l'AfghanistanCet article concerne l’histoire de l'Afghanistan. thumb|left|La plus ancienne figuration humaine trouvée en Afghanistan, site d'Aq Köprük, v. avant le présent. Des centaines d'outils de pierre disséminés dans de nombreux sites, des outils de quartz du Paléolithique inférieur (haches , hachoirs et grattoirs) âgés de plus de , attestent de la présence de l'activité humaine organisée à une date très précoce en Afghanistan.
KafiristanKāfiristān, or Kāfirstān (کاپیرستان; کافرستان; Land of Infidels), is a historical region that covered present-day Nuristan Province in Afghanistan and its surroundings. This historic region lies on, and mainly comprises, the basins of the rivers Alingar, Pech (Kamah), Landai Sin river and Kunar, and the intervening mountain ranges. It is bounded by the main range of the Hindu Kush on the north, Pakistan's Chitral District to the east, the Kunar Valley in the south and the Alishang River in the west.
Buddhism in AfghanistanBuddhism, an Indian religion founded by Gautama Buddha, first arrived in modern-day Afghanistan through the conquests of Ashoka (268-232), the third emperor of the Maurya Empire. Among the earliest notable sites of Buddhist influence in the country is a bilingual mountainside inscription in Greek and Aramaic that dates back to 260 BCE and was found on the rocky outcrop of Chil Zena near Kandahar.
QarlughidsThe Qarlughids were a tribe of Turkic origin that controlled Ghazni, lands of the Bamyan, the Kurram Valley (Ghazna, Banban, and Kurraman), and established a short-lived Muslim principality and dynasty that lasted between 1236 and 1266. The Qarlughids (or Karluk Turks) arrived from the north to settle in the regions of Hazarajat together with the armies of Muhammad II of Khwarezm, the Shah of Khwarezm. Throughout most of its existence, the Qarlugh Kingdom functioned as a buffer state between its two powerful neighbors, the Delhi Sultanate to the east and south and the Mongol Empire to the north and west.
GhorGhōr (Pashto/Dari: ), also spelled Ghowr or Ghur, is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. It is located in the western Hindu Kush in central Afghanistan, towards the northwest. The province contains eleven districts, encompassing hundreds of villages, and approximately 764,472 settled people. Firuzkoh (known as “Chaghcharan” until 2014) is the capital of the province. The ancient Indo-European, Sogdian gor-/gur- ("mountain"-) is well preserved in all Slavic gor-/gór- (goor-/gur-), e.g.
