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Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) infiltrate both mouse and human tumors, typically in high numbers, and display complex interactions with cancer cells, endothelial cells (ECs) and other immune cells. TAMs comprise molecularly distinct subsets. Two such ...
Like other animals, C. elegans nematodes have the ability to socially interact and to communicate through exchange and sensing of small soluble signaling compounds that help them cope with complex environmental conditions. For the time being, worm biocommu ...
Chromatin is the template on which DNA-associated transactions take place in eukaryotic organisms. Nucleosomes consisting of the four histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 each organize ~150bp of DNA and constitute a first layer of chromatin. The three-dimensional ...
Although free-living and obligate intracellular bacteria are both polarized it is unclear whether the underlying polarization mechanisms and effector proteins are conserved. Here we dissect at the cytological, functional and structural level a conserved po ...
Effectors secreted by the type Ill secretion system are essential for bacterial pathogenesis. Members of the Yersinia outer-protein J (YopJ) family of effectors found in diverse plant and animal pathogens depend on a protease-like catalytic triad to acetyl ...
Th17 cells play critical roles in host defense and autoimmunity. Emerging data support a role for Notch signaling in Th17 cell differentiation but whether it is a positive or negative regulator remains unclear. We report here that T cell-specific deletion ...
Chromatin regulatory processes, like all biological reactions, are dynamic and stochastic in nature but can give rise to stable and inheritable changes in gene expression patterns. A molecular understanding of those processes is key for fundamental biologi ...
Multivalent interactions between effector proteins and histone post-translational modifications are an elementary mechanism of dynamic chromatin signalling. Here we elucidate the mechanism how heterochromatin protein 1α (HP1α), a multivalent effector, is e ...
2015
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The possibility to design proteins whose activities can be switched on and off by unrelated effector molecules would enable applications in various research areas, ranging from biosensing to synthetic biology. We describe here a general method to modulate ...
Nature Publishing Group2015
The bacterial Type 6 secretion system (T6SS) translocates protein toxins (also called effectors) from the cytosol of a T6SS-carrying cell to a target cell by a syringe-like supramolecular complex resembling a contractile tail of bacteriophages. Valine-glyc ...