Concept
Cyclin A
Concepts associés (16)
P21
p21Cip1 (ou p21Waf1), également connue sous le nom de cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 ou CDK-interacting protein 1est une protéine inhibitrice des CDK. Elle est connue pour inhiber les complexes CDK2 et CDK4 et permettre ainsi l'arrêt du cycle cellulaire. La protéine p53 est notamment connue pour être un régulateur de p21. p21 permet également l'importation du complexe CDK4/6-CyclineD1 dans le noyau grâce à sa séquence NLS. La protéine p21 est codée par le gène CDKN1A, localisé sur le chromosome 6 humain.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2, also known as cell division protein kinase 2, or Cdk2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDK2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family of Ser/Thr protein kinases. This protein kinase is highly similar to the gene products of S. cerevisiae cdc28, and S. pombe cdc2, also known as Cdk1 in humans. It is a catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase complex, whose activity is restricted to the G1-S phase of the cell cycle, where cells make proteins necessary for mitosis and replicate their DNA.
Protéine du rétinoblastome
La protéine du rétinoblastome (pRB) est une protéine de séquestration qui exerce un contrôle négatif du cycle cellulaire. Cette fonction est essentielle dans les organismes pluricellulaires pour éviter la formation de tumeurs malignes qui mettraient en péril l’organisme, ce qui permet de qualifier cette protéine de « suppresseur de tumeur ». Son nom vient de son étroite collaboration dans un cancer ophtalmologique pédiatrique : le rétinoblastome.
Restriction point
The restriction point (R), also known as the Start or G1/S checkpoint, is a cell cycle checkpoint in the G1 phase of the animal cell cycle at which the cell becomes "committed" to the cell cycle, and after which extracellular signals are no longer required to stimulate proliferation. The defining biochemical feature of the restriction point is the activation of G1/S- and S-phase cyclin-CDK complexes, which in turn phosphorylate proteins that initiate DNA replication, centrosome duplication, and other early cell cycle events.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 also known as CDK1 or cell division cycle protein 2 homolog is a highly conserved protein that functions as a serine/threonine protein kinase, and is a key player in cell cycle regulation. It has been highly studied in the budding yeast S. cerevisiae, and the fission yeast S. pombe, where it is encoded by genes cdc28 and cdc2, respectively. With its cyclin partners, Cdk1 forms complexes that phosphorylate a variety of target substrates (over 75 have been identified in budding yeast); phosphorylation of these proteins leads to cell cycle progression.
Kinase dépendante des cyclines
vignette|350px|Schéma du cycle cellulaire. Cercle extérieur: I=Interphase, M=Mitose; cercle intérieur: M=Mitose et cytocinèse; G1=Phase G1; S=Phase S; G2=Phase G2. La durée de la mitose par rapport aux autres phases du cycle cellulaire est exagérée dans ce diagramme Les kinases dépendantes des cyclines (en anglais, cyclin-dependent kinase ou CDK) sont une famille de protéines kinases qui jouent un rôle majeur dans la régulation du cycle cellulaire.
Cyclin B
Cyclin B is a member of the cyclin family. Cyclin B is a mitotic cyclin. The amount of cyclin B (which binds to Cdk1) and the activity of the cyclin B-Cdk complex rise through the cell cycle until mitosis, where they fall abruptly due to degradation of cyclin B (Cdk1 is constitutively present). The complex of Cdk and cyclin B is called maturation promoting factor or mitosis promoting factor (MPF). Cyclin B is necessary for the progression of the cells into and out of M phase of the cell cycle.
Complexe de promotion de l'anaphase
L'APC/C ou complexe de promotion de l'anaphase (en : anaphase promoting complex) est un complexe protéique et une ubiquitine ligase E3. L'APC/C a une durée de vie courte, il active l'anaphase une fois que le dernier signal inhibiteur permettant le contrôle de la métaphase est levé. Ce signal est, dans un ordre chronologique, la mise sous tension du centromère par un accrochage amphitélique des microtubules (MT) kinétochoriens dans les kinétochores de chaque chromosome.
Cdc6
Cdc6, or cell division cycle 6, is a protein in eukaryotic cells. It is mainly studied in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (). It is an essential regulator of DNA replication and plays important roles in the activation and maintenance of the checkpoint mechanisms in the cell cycle that coordinate S phase and mitosis. It is part of the pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) and is required for loading minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins onto the DNA, an essential step in the initiation of DNA synthesis.
Cyclin E
Cyclin E is a member of the cyclin family. Cyclin E binds to G1 phase Cdk2, which is required for the transition from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle that determines initiation of DNA duplication. The Cyclin E/CDK2 complex phosphorylates p27Kip1 (an inhibitor of Cyclin D), tagging it for degradation, thus promoting expression of Cyclin A, allowing progression to S phase. Like all cyclin family members, cyclin E forms a complex with cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK2).