Outflow (meteorology)Outflow, in meteorology, is air that flows outwards from a storm system. It is associated with ridging, or anticyclonic flow. In the low levels of the troposphere, outflow radiates from thunderstorms in the form of a wedge of rain-cooled air, which is visible as a thin rope-like cloud on weather satellite imagery or a fine line on weather radar imagery. For observers on the ground, a thunderstorm outflow boundary often approaches in otherwise clear skies as a low, thick cloud that brings with it a gust front.
Pressure systemA pressure system is a peak or lull in the sea level pressure distribution. The surface pressure at sea level varies minimally, with the lowest value measured and the highest recorded . High- and low-pressure systems evolve due to interactions of temperature differentials in the atmosphere, temperature differences between the atmosphere and water within oceans and lakes, the influence of upper-level disturbances, as well as the amount of solar heating or radiationized cooling an area receives.
Outline of meteorologyIndex of meteorology articles The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the field of Meteorology. Meteorology The interdisciplinary, scientific study of the Earth's atmosphere with the primary focus being to understand, explain, and forecast weather events. Meteorology, is applied to and employed by a wide variety of diverse fields, including the military, energy production, transport, agriculture, and construction. Meteorology Climate – the average and variations of weather in a region over long periods of time.
Anticyclone antarctiquevignette|Pression moyenne au niveau de la mer autour de la Terre en décembre, janvier et février montrant les centres d'action (A et D) L’anticyclone d'antarctique est une zone de haute pression dite permanente sur l’Antarctique, causée par la température très basse qui y règne en permanence. Le centre de l'anticyclone n'est cependant pas toujours au même endroit et se déplace selon la saison et la différence de température entre l'inlandsis et les eaux ouvertes autour du continent.
Glossaire de la météorologieThis is a list of meteorology topics. The terms relate to meteorology, the interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere that focuses on weather processes and forecasting.
AnticyclogénèseAnticyclogenesis is the development or strengthening of an anticyclonic circulation in the atmosphere. It is the opposite of anticyclolysis (the dissolution or weakening of an anticyclone) and has a cyclonic equivalent known as cyclogenesis. Anticyclones are alternatively referred to as high pressure systems. High-pressure systems form due to downward motion through the troposphere, the atmospheric layer where weather occurs. Preferred areas within a synoptic flow pattern in higher levels of the troposphere are beneath the western side of troughs.
Blocage (météorologie)vignette|upright= 1.25|Un exemple de bloc OMEGA en Amérique du Nord en mai 2006 Une situation de blocage en météorologie est un tracé des isohypses de la pression en altitude qui donne une configuration atypique des vents en haute altitude (courant-jet). Cet arrangement est caractérisé par une modification de la circulation en altitude, normalement d'ouest en est et dite zonale, en des ondulations quasi stationnaires, rétrogrades ou déviées.
Surface weather observationSurface weather observations are the fundamental data used for safety as well as climatological reasons to forecast weather and issue warnings worldwide. They can be taken manually, by a weather observer, by computer through the use of automated weather stations, or in a hybrid scheme using weather observers to augment the otherwise automated weather station. The ICAO defines the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), which is the model of the standard variation of pressure, temperature, density, and viscosity with altitude in the Earth's atmosphere, and is used to reduce a station pressure to sea level pressure.
Station modelIn meteorology, station models are symbolic illustrations showing the weather occurring at a given reporting station. Meteorologists created the station model to fit a number of weather elements into a small space on weather maps. This allows map users to analyze patterns in atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind speed and direction, cloud cover, precipitation, and other parameters. The most common station plots depict surface weather observations although upper air plots at various mandatory levels are also frequently depicted.
Convergence (météorologie)vignette|upright=1.5|Convergence en surface (4) et divergence en altitude (2a et b) dans les cellules de Hadley donnent un mouvement ascendant (1) et des nuages. La convergence en météorologie désigne une région de l'atmosphère où les flux d'air de différentes directions se rejoignent pour créer une accumulation de masse qui mène éventuellement à un mouvement vertical d'où la formation de nuages et de précipitations.
