Triethylphosphine

Triethylphosphine is the organophosphorus compound with the formula P(CH2CH3)3, commonly abbreviated as PEt3. It is a colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor characteristic of alkylphosphines. The compound is a common ligand in organometallic chemistry, such as in auranofin. It is a pyramidal molecule with approximate C3v symmetry. PEt3 is usually prepared using Grignard reagents: 3 CH3CH2MgCl + P(OC6H5)3 → P(CH2CH3)3 + 3 C6H5OMgCl PEt3 reacts with strong acids to give salts [HPEt3]X. This reaction is reversible. Similarly, it is also easily alkylated to give phosphonium derivatives. PEt3 is easily oxidised to the phosphine oxide with oxygen. Triethylphosphine is a highly basic ligand that forms coordination complexes with many metals. As a ligand, triethylphosphine's Tolman cone angle is 132°. Being a relatively compact phosphine, several can bind to a single transition metal, as illustrated by the existence of Pt(PEt3)4. As a phosphine ligand, triethylphosphine gained acceptance earlier than did the simpler trimethylphosphine, as illustrated by the preparation of the hydride complex trans-PtHCl(PEt3)2. PEt3 is toxic. It converts to a low toxicity phosphine oxide upon treatment with sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide.