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Concept
Turing (architecture de carte graphique)
Résumé
Turing is the codename for a graphics processing unit (GPU) microarchitecture developed by Nvidia. It is named after the prominent mathematician and computer scientist Alan Turing. The architecture was first introduced in August 2018 at SIGGRAPH 2018 in the workstation-oriented Quadro RTX cards, and one week later at Gamescom in consumer GeForce RTX 20 series graphics cards. Building on the preliminary work of its HPC-exclusive predecessor, the Turing architecture introduces the first consumer products capable of real-time ray tracing, a longstanding goal of the computer graphics industry. Key elements include dedicated artificial intelligence processors ("Tensor cores") and dedicated ray tracing processors ("RT cores"). Turing leverages DXR, OptiX, and Vulkan for access to ray-tracing. In February 2019, Nvidia released the GeForce 16 series of GPUs, which utilizes the new Turing design but lacks the RT and Tensor cores.
Turing is manufactured using TSMC's 12 nm FinFET semiconductor fabrication process. The high-end TU102 GPU includes 18.6 billion transistors fabricated using this process. Turing also uses GDDR6 memory from Samsung Electronics, and previously Micron Technology.
The Turing microarchitecture combines multiple types of specialized processor core, and enables an implementation of limited real-time ray tracing. This is accelerated by the use of new RT (ray-tracing) cores, which are designed to process quadtrees and spherical hierarchies, and speed up collision tests with individual triangles.
Features in Turing:
CUDA cores (SM, Streaming Multiprocessor)
Compute Capability 7.5
traditional rasterized shaders and compute
concurrent execution of integer and floating point operations (inherited from Volta)
Ray-tracing (RT) cores
bounding volume hierarchy acceleration
shadows, ambient occlusion, lighting, reflections
Tensor (AI) cores
artificial intelligence
large matrix operations
Deep Learning Super Sampling (DLSS)
Memory controller with GDDR6/HBM2 support
DisplayPort 1.4a with Display Stream Compression (DSC) 1.
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