Reichskriegsflagge

The term Reichskriegsflagge (ˈʁaɪçsˌkʁiːksflaɡə, National War Flag) refers to several war flags and war ensigns used by the German armed forces in history. A total of eight different designs were used in 1848–1849 and between 1867–1871 and 1945. Today the term refers usually to the flag from 1867–1871 to 1918, the war flag of Imperial Germany. After Prussia defeated Austria in 1866, the North German Confederation was founded by Prussia in order to replace the former German Confederation in which Austria had been the dominant power. The new Confederation eventually became the German Empire after the Franco-Prussian War, hence the Imperial German flags date back to the North German Confederation. Because Prussia had emerged as the leading German state and the black-red-golden colour scheme was, at that time, associated with pan-Germanism (a Germany including Austria) and the revolution of 1848, the Prussian King and President of the North German Confederation, Wilhelm I, insisted on using new flags inspired by Prussia and without the traditional German colours. Therefore, the North German and eventually Imperial German flags prominently featured the Prussian colours (black and white) as well as symbols like the Prussian eagle and the Iron Cross. And while seafaring was the traditional domain of the Hanse in Germany, virtually all of the 19th century German coastline (including the North Sea coast) and naval power belonged to Prussia after the decisive victory in 1866. Prince Adalbert of Prussia, the commander-in-chief of the North German Navy, was commissioned with the task of designing the new war ensign. Around 1850, he already had designed a number of potential war ensigns for a hypothetical German nation-state under Prussian rule, which never were adopted as the project was not realised at that time. He used his old ideas to design the new North German war ensign with heavy involvement of the Prussian King, leading to numerous changes, like the inclusion of the Iron Cross in its original shape.

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Concepts associés (5)

Flag of Prussia

The state of Prussia had its origins in the separate lands of the Margraviate of Brandenburg and of the Duchy of Prussia. The Margraviate of Brandenburg developed from the medieval Northern March of the Holy Roman Empire, passing to the House of Hohenzollern in 1415. The Duchy of Prussia originated in 1525 when Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach, a member of a cadet branch of the Hohenzollern house, secularized the eastern lands of the Teutonic Knights as a Polish fief.

Drapeau de l'Allemagne

Le drapeau de l'Allemagne est le drapeau civil, le drapeau d'État et le pavillon marchand de la république fédérale d'Allemagne. C'est un drapeau tricolore composé de trois bandes horizontales égales aux couleurs nationales de l'Allemagne : noir, rouge et or. Le drapeau tricolore apparaît au début du et acquiert un rôle prépondérant au cours des révolutions de 1848. Le noir, le rouge et l'or correspondaient aux couleurs adoptées par le Burschenschaft, camaraderie étudiante créée le 12 juillet 1815 à l'université d'Iéna et qui milita tout au long du pour l'unification d'une Allemagne encore éclatée.

Croix de fer

La croix de fer est une décoration militaire de guerre d'abord prussienne, puis allemande, créée en trois classes par le roi de Prusse le à Breslau lors des guerres napoléoniennes. La première croix de fer fut donnée à titre posthume par à son épouse Louise. La fondation de la croix de fer est renouvelée par le roi avec le déclenchement de la guerre franco-allemande le . Au début de la Première Guerre mondiale, renouvelle sa fondation le .