Obligation de guerrevignette|Affiche canadienne incitant à l'achat d'obligations de guerre (vers 1943). Les obligations de guerre sont des titres de créance obligataires émis par un État dans le but de se financer en temps de guerre. Les obligations de guerre permettent à un État de capter l'épargne nationale afin de l'orienter dans le sens de l'effort de guerre durant un conflit armé. L'achat de ces obligations repose sur l'esprit patriotique des épargnants, car leur rendement est généralement inférieur à la valeur du marché.
CounterpartyA counterparty (sometimes contraparty) is a legal entity, unincorporated entity, or collection of entities to which an exposure of financial risk may exist. The word became widely used in the 1980s, particularly at the time of the Basel I deliberations in 1988. Well-drafted contracts usually attempt to spell out in explicit detail what each counterparty's rights and obligations are in every conceivable circumstance, though there are limits.
Fixed-income attributionFixed-income attribution is the process of measuring returns generated by various sources of risk in a fixed income portfolio, particularly when multiple sources of return are active at the same time. For example, the risks affecting the return of a bond portfolio include the overall level of the yield curve, the slope of the yield curve, and the credit spreads of the bonds in the portfolio.
Bond optionIn finance, a bond option is an option to buy or sell a bond at a certain price on or before the option expiry date. These instruments are typically traded OTC. A European bond option is an option to buy or sell a bond at a certain date in future for a predetermined price. An American bond option is an option to buy or sell a bond on or before a certain date in future for a predetermined price. Generally, one buys a call option on the bond if one believes that interest rates will fall, causing an increase in bond prices.
Valeur facialeEn économie, la valeur faciale est la valeur que la convention donne à un objet. Elle s'oppose à la valeur de ses différents composants/matériaux, comme la valeur métallique d'une monnaie. Les premières monnaies étaient fabriquées avec un pourcentage de métal (or ou argent en particulier) pur dans la pièce, ce qui donnait sa valeur métallique et était prise comme valeur faciale. Par exemple, le franc germinal, en 1803, contenait d'or par franc.
Money market fundA money market fund (also called a money market mutual fund) is an open-ended mutual fund that invests in short-term debt securities such as US Treasury bills and commercial paper. Money market funds are managed with the goal of maintaining a highly stable asset value through liquid investments, while paying income to investors in the form of dividends. Although they are not insured against loss, actual losses have been quite rare in practice.
