Origin recognition complexIn molecular biology, origin recognition complex (ORC) is a multi-subunit DNA binding complex (6 subunits) that binds in all eukaryotes and archaea in an ATP-dependent manner to origins of replication. The subunits of this complex are encoded by the ORC1, ORC2, ORC3, ORC4, ORC5 and ORC6 genes. ORC is a central component for eukaryotic DNA replication, and remains bound to chromatin at replication origins throughout the cell cycle. ORC directs DNA replication throughout the genome and is required for its initiation.
Cdc6Cdc6, or cell division cycle 6, is a protein in eukaryotic cells. It is mainly studied in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (). It is an essential regulator of DNA replication and plays important roles in the activation and maintenance of the checkpoint mechanisms in the cell cycle that coordinate S phase and mitosis. It is part of the pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) and is required for loading minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins onto the DNA, an essential step in the initiation of DNA synthesis.
S phaseS phase (Synthesis Phase) is the phase of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G1 phase and G2 phase. Since accurate duplication of the genome is critical to successful cell division, the processes that occur during S-phase are tightly regulated and widely conserved. G1/S transition Entry into S-phase is controlled by the G1 restriction point (R), which commits cells to the remainder of the cell-cycle if there is adequate nutrients and growth signaling.
Cyclin ACyclin A is a member of the cyclin family, a group of proteins that function in regulating progression through the cell cycle. The stages that a cell passes through that culminate in its division and replication are collectively known as the cell cycle Since the successful division and replication of a cell is essential for its survival, the cell cycle is tightly regulated by several components to ensure the efficient and error-free progression through the cell cycle.
Origine de réplicationvignette|Origines de la réplication de l'ADN L'origine de réplication (aussi appelée « ori ») est une séquence unique d'ADN permettant l'initiation de la réplication. C'est à partir de cette séquence que débute une réplication unidirectionnelle ou bidirectionnelle. La structure de l'origine de réplication varie d'une espèce à l'autre ; elle est donc spécifique bien qu'elles aient toutes certaines caractéristiques. Un complexe protéique se forme au niveau de cette séquence et permet l'ouverture de l'ADN et le démarrage de la réplication.
Kinase dépendante des cyclinesvignette|350px|Schéma du cycle cellulaire. Cercle extérieur: I=Interphase, M=Mitose; cercle intérieur: M=Mitose et cytocinèse; G1=Phase G1; S=Phase S; G2=Phase G2. La durée de la mitose par rapport aux autres phases du cycle cellulaire est exagérée dans ce diagramme Les kinases dépendantes des cyclines (en anglais, cyclin-dependent kinase ou CDK) sont une famille de protéines kinases qui jouent un rôle majeur dans la régulation du cycle cellulaire.
