Enhancing tree diversity may be important to fostering resilience to drought-related climate extremes. So far, little attention has been given to whether tree diversity can increase the survival of trees and reduce its variability in young forest plantatio ...
Oviparous animals across many taxa have evolved diverse strategies that deter egg predation, providing valuable tests of how natural selection mitigates direct fitness loss. Communal egg laying in nonsocial species minimizes egg predation. However, in cann ...
A longstanding question in ecology concerns the prediction of the fate of mountain species under climate change, where climatic and geomorphic factors but also endogenous species characteristics are jointly expected to control species distributions. A sign ...
Understanding both the role of selection in driving phenotypic change and its underlying genetic basis remain major challenges in evolutionary biology. Here, we use modern tools to revisit a classic system of local adaptation in the North American deer mou ...
This paper explores what prompts some individuals to spend a significant amount of time travelling. In the literature, travel time tends to be regarded as useless, unproductive time and, in some cases, as the worst time of the day. The actual behaviour of ...
Springer2016
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The primary hypothesis of this study was that the survival rate over 10 years of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) implanted with a navigation system was superior to that of TKAs implanted with a conventional technique. The secondary hypothesis was that the ...
Evolutionary algorithms are heuristic methods that operate on a population of individuals, which represent candidate solutions to optimization problems. Individuals with better quality, or fitness, are reproduced at a higher rate than less fit individuals ...
Genetic diversity is essential for population survival and adaptation to changing environments. Demographic processes (e.g., bottleneck and expansion) and spatial structure (e.g., migration, number, and size of populations) are known to shape the patterns ...
We discuss causal mediation analyses for survival data and propose a new approach based on the additive hazards model. The emphasis is on a dynamic point of view, that is, understanding how the direct and indirect effects develop over time. Hence, importan ...
Viability Evolution is an abstraction of artificial evolution which operates by eliminating candidate solutions that do not satisfy viability criteria. Viability criteria are defined as boundaries on the values of objectives and constraints of the problem ...