Fictitious capitalFictitious capital (German: fiktives Kapital) is a concept used by Karl Marx in his critique of political economy. It is introduced in chapter 25 of the third volume of Capital. Fictitious capital contrasts with what Marx calls "real capital", which is capital actually invested in physical means of production and workers, and "money capital", which is actual funds being held. The market value of fictitious capital assets (such as stocks and securities) varies according to the expected return or yield of those assets in the future, which Marx felt was only indirectly related to the growth of real production.
Stock traderA stock trader or equity trader or share trader, also called a stock investor, is a person or company involved in trading equity securities and attempting to profit from the purchase and sale of those securities. Stock traders may be an investor, agent, hedger, arbitrageur, speculator, or stockbroker. Such equity trading in large publicly traded companies may be through a stock exchange. Stock shares in smaller public companies may be bought and sold in over-the-counter (OTC) markets or in some instances in equity crowdfunding platforms.
Long Term Capital ManagementLong Term Capital Management est un fonds spéculatif apparu en 1994 et dont la quasi-faillite en 1998 fit courir un risque majeur au système bancaire international et créa des perturbations importantes sur les marchés financiers. Son fondateur était , célèbre responsable de l'arbitrage, puis de l'ensemble du trading de taux d'intérêt pour la banque Salomon Brothers, qu'il avait dû quitter peu après une manipulation de marché trop visible de l'un de ses traders.
