Aquaculture of catfish

Catfish are easy to farm in warm climates, leading to inexpensive and safe food at local grocers. Catfish raised in inland tanks or channels are considered safe for the environment, since their waste and disease should be contained and not spread to the wild. One of the most cultured species of Catfish is the African mud Catfish (Clarias spp). This species is widely acceptable for rearing due to the following factors; High food conversion ratio: Its ability to convert food to flesh High adaptability: African mud Catfish can survive harsh environmental conditions High tolerance to stress: unlike most fishes, the catfish stress limit is significantly high making it a good culturable species. Fast growth rate: Irrespective of the target market, the time it takes for the African Mud Catfish to attain maturity is generally low. Whether the target market is for fingerlings, juvenile or table size production, The usual period of culture does not exceed three to six months. Ability to breed them artificially: Unlike some species, it is possible to induce breeding in the parent stocks of the African mud Catfish making them able to reproduce at any time or season of the year. In Asia, many catfish species are important as food. Several airbreathing catfish (Claridae) and shark catfish (Pangasiidae) species are heavily cultured in Africa and Asia. Exports of one particular shark catfish species from Vietnam, Pangasius bocourti, has met with pressures from the U.S. catfish industry. In 2003, the United States Congress passed a law preventing the imported fish from being labeled as catfish. As a result, the Vietnamese exporters of this fish now label their products sold in the U.S. as "basa fish". Ictalurids are cultivated in North America, especially in the Deep South, with Mississippi being the largest domestic catfish producer. Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) supported a $450 million/yr aquaculture industry in 2003. The US farm-raised catfish industry began in the early 1960s in Kansas, Oklahoma and Arkansas.