Radhathumb|Radha et Krishna. Détail d'une œuvre (vers 1760) attribuée au peintre rapjput Nihal Chand (1710–1782).|alt= Radha (devanāgarī: राधा, Rādhā, « celle qui plaît »), également appelée Radhika, Radharani ou Radhikarani, est, dans le Bhagavata Purana, une des gopis, amie d’adolescence et amante de Krishna (déjà mariée, elle n'est pas l'épouse du dieu). Elle est presque toujours représentée auprès de Krishna et a une importance prédominante dans le Vaishnava (vishnouisme) en tant que shakti (ces avatârs sont nombreux, autant dans son aspect de beauté enchanteresse liée au plaisir érotique, que comme source de passions extrêmes).
Hindu denominationsHindu denominations, sampradayas, traditions, movements, and sects are traditions and sub-traditions within Hinduism centered on one or more gods or goddesses, such as Vishnu, Shiva, Shakti and so on. The term sampradaya is used for branches with a particular founder-guru with a particular philosophy. Hinduism has no central doctrinal authority and many practising Hindus do not claim to belong to any particular denomination or tradition. Four major traditions are, however, used in scholarly studies: Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism and Smartism.
BhagavataThe Bhagavata tradition, also called Bhagavatism, refers to an ancient religious sect that traced its origin to the region of Mathura. After its syncretism with the Brahmanical tradition of Vishnu, Bhagavatism became a pan-Indian tradition by the second century BCE, according to R.C. Majumdar. Historically, Bhagavatism corresponds to the development of a popular theistic movement in India, departing from the elitist sacrificial rites of Vedism, and initially focusing on the worship of the Vrishni hero Vāsudeva in the region of Mathura.
Adi ShankaraAdi Shankara (sanskrit : Ādi Śaṅkara, devanagari : आदि शङ्कर ; parfois appelé Ādi Śaṅkarācārya ; de Śaṅkara ou Śaṃkara, , une des épithètes de Shiva), est, au , un des plus célèbres maîtres spirituels de l'hindouisme, philosophe de l'école orthodoxe Advaita Vedānta, et commentateur des Upanishad védiques, du Brahma Sūtra et de la Bhagavad-Gita. Il eut pour maître Govindanātha et mena une vie de renonçant itinérant (saṃnyāsin) allant d'un monastère ou d'un temple à un autre, d'une communauté à une autre.
Bhakti movementThe Bhakti movement was a significant religious movement in medieval Hinduism that sought to bring religious reforms to all strata of society by adopting the method of devotion to achieve salvation. Originating in Tamilakam during 6th century CE, it gained prominence through the poems and teachings of the Vaishnava Alvars and Shaiva Nayanars before spreading northwards. It swept over east and north India from the 15th century onwards, reaching its zenith between the 15th and 17th century CE.
SampradayaSampradaya (सम्प्रदाय; ), in Indian origin religions, namely Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, can be translated as 'tradition', 'spiritual lineage', 'sect', or 'religious system'. To ensure continuity and transmission of dharma, various sampradayas have the Guru-shishya parampara in which parampara or lineage of successive gurus (masters) and shishyas (disciples) serves as a spiritual channel and provides a reliable network of relationships that lends stability to a religious identity.
