Tête fémorale

La tête fémorale est la partie la plus haute du fémur. Elle est reliée au reste du fémur par le col fémoral. Structure La tête du fémur est la partie du fémur qui s'articule avec l'os coxal au niveau de l'acétabulum pour constituer l'articulation coxo-fémorale. C'est les deux tiers d'une sphère dirigée vers le haut, médialement et un peu en avant. Elle est recouverte de cartilage sauf sur une dépression ovoïde située un peu en dessous et en arrière de son centre : la fossette de la tête du fémur (ou fossette du ligament rond) qui est le point d'insertion du ligament de la tête du fémur. Elle est perforée d'orifices vasculaires. La région la plus épaisse du cartilage articulaire se situe au centre de la tête fémorale, mesurant jusqu'à 2,8 mm. Le diamètre de la tête fémorale est généralement plus grand chez l'homme que chez la femme. Aspect clinique S'il y a une fracture du col du fémur, l'apport sanguin à travers le ligament de la tête du fémur devient cruci

Residual hip dysplasia in children: osseous and cartilaginous acetabular angles to guide further treatment-a pilot study

Katarzyna Pierzchala

Purpose In case of residual hip dysplasia (RHD) in children, pelvic radiographs are sometimes insufficient to precisely evaluate the entire coverage of the femoral head, when trying to decide on the need for further reconstructive procedures. Methods This study retrospectively compares the bony and the cartilaginous acetabular angle of Hilgenreiner (HTE) of 60 paediatric hips on pelvic MRI separated in two groups. Group 1 included 31 hips with RHD defined by a bony HTE > 20 degrees. Group 2 included 27 hips with a HTE < 20 degrees. They were compared by introducing a new ratio calculated from the square of cartilaginous HTE above the bony HTE on frontal MRI. The normal upper limit for this acetabular angle ratio was extrapolated from the published normal values of cartilaginous HTE and bony HTE in children. Results The acetabular angle ratio was statistically significantly increased in the hips with RHD with a mean value of 7.1 +/- 4.7 compared to the hips in the control group presenting a mean value of 2.1 +/- 1.9 (p < 0.00001). Conclusions This newly introduced ratio seems to be a helpful tool to orientate the further treatment in children presenting borderline RHD.

BMC2019

Modeling knee osteoarthritis pathophysiology using an integrated joint system (IJS): a systematic review of relationships among cartilage thickness, gait mechanics, and subchondral bone mineral density

Julien Favre

Objective: To introduce an integrated joint system (IJS) model of joint health and osteoarthritis (OA) pathophysiology through a systematic review of the cross-sectional relationships among three knee properties (cartilage thickness, gait mechanics, and subchondral bone mineral density). Methods: Searches using keywords associated with the three knee properties of interest were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid databases. English-language articles reporting cross-sectional correlations between at least two knee properties in healthy or tibiofemoral OA human knees were included. A narrative synthesis of the data was conducted. Results: Of the 5600 retrieved articles, 13 were included, eight of which reported relationships between cartilage thickness and gait mechanics. The 744 tested knees were separated into three categories based on knee health: 199 healthy, 340 at-risk/early OA, and 205 late OA knees. Correlations between knee adduction moment and medial-to-lateral cartilage thickness ratios were generally positive in healthy, inconclusive in at-risk/early OA, and negative in late OA knees. Knee adduction moment was positively correlated with medial-to-lateral tibial subchondral bone mineral density ratios in knees of all health categories. One study reported a positive correlation between lateral tibial subchondral bone mineral density and femoral cartilage thickness in at-risk/early OA knees. Conclusions: The correlations identified between knee properties in this review agreed with the proposed relationship-based IJS model of OA pathophysiology. Accordingly, the IJS model could provide insights into overcoming current barriers to developing disease-modifying treatments by considering multiple aspects of OA disease, aspects that could be assessed simultaneously at an in vivo system level. (c) 2018 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

ELSEVIER SCI LTD2018

Julien Favre

ELSEVIER SCI LTD2018

Residual hip dysplasia in children: osseous and cartilaginous acetabular angles to guide further treatment-a pilot study

T2 Relaxation Time In Femoral Cartilage Changes With Radiographic Progression Of Medial Knee Oa - Data From The Osteoarthritis Initiative

Modeling knee osteoarthritis pathophysiology using an integrated joint system (IJS): a systematic review of relationships among cartilage thickness, gait mechanics, and subchondral bone mineral density

T2 Relaxation Time In Femoral Cartilage Changes With Radiographic Progression Of Medial Knee Oa - Data From The Osteoarthritis Initiative

Residual hip dysplasia in children: osseous and cartilaginous acetabular angles to guide further treatment-a pilot study

Modeling knee osteoarthritis pathophysiology using an integrated joint system (IJS): a systematic review of relationships among cartilage thickness, gait mechanics, and subchondral bone mineral density