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Concept
Aranzaḫ
Résumé
Aranzaḫ (alternatively romanized as Aranzah), also known as Aranziḫ or Araššiḫ was a Hurrian deity who represented the river Tigris. He was believed to be one of the deities born as a result of Kumarbi biting off the genitals of Anu during a battle over kingship in heaven. He also appears in a myth focused on a hero named after him, Gurparanzaḫ, in which he acts as his ally. He is also attested in numerous Hurrian theophoric names. A handful of attestations of his name have been identified in Ugaritic and Mesopotamian texts as well. Additionally, it has been suggested that the Assyrian references to offerings made to the source of the Tigris in Shubria in the first millennium BCE were linked to earlier Hurrian worship of the Tigris as a deity.
It is presumed that Aranzaḫ, the name used by Hurrians to refer to the river Tigris, has Hurrian origin, but its precise etymology remains unknown. The river was perceived as a numen in Hurrian religion. Aranzaḫ could also be understood as the name of a river god representing it. It is agreed he was a male deity.
In contrast with Aranzaḫ, Hurrians had no own name for the Euphrates.
Ran Zadok compares attestations of Aranzaḫ in Hurrian theophoric names to Akkadian names such as Migir-Idiqlat. They similarly reflect the perception of the Tigris as a deity. Sumerian theophoric names invoking deified Tigris, for example Ur-Idigina, are known too, but they are less common. In a single source, the deified Tigris, referred to as Idiqlat, appears as a servant of Enlil, while in the Old Babylonian forerunner of the later god list An = Anum the same deity is counted as a member of the circle of Enki.
Aranzaḫ is among the deities who appear in the so-called Kumarbi Cycle, a group of Hurrian myths which describe a conflict between Teshub and Kumarbi. According to Harry Hoffner it can be presumed that he was counted among the allies of the former of the two combatants. His origin is s described in the Song of Going Forth, also known as Song of Emergence and in older publications as Song of Kumarbi.
Source officielle
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