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Concept
Service réseau
Résumé
In computer networking, a network service is an application running at the network application layer and above, that provides data storage, manipulation, presentation, communication or other capability which is often implemented using a client–server or peer-to-peer architecture based on application layer network protocols.
Each service is usually provided by a server component running on one or more computers (often a dedicated server computer offering multiple services) and accessed via a network by client components running on other devices. However, the client and server components can both be run on the same machine.
Clients and servers will often have a user interface, and sometimes other hardware associated with it.
Examples are the Domain Name System (DNS) which translates domain names to Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to assign networking configuration information to network hosts. Authentication servers identify and authenticate users, provide user account profiles, and may log usage statistics.
E-mail, printing and services are common services on local area networks. They require users to have permissions to access the shared resources.
Other network services include:
Directory services
e-Mail
Instant messaging
Online game
Printing
Voice over IP
Video on demand
Video telephony
World Wide Web
Simple Network Management Protocol
Time service
Wireless sensor network
In computer network programming, the application layer is an abstraction layer reserved for communications protocols and methods designed for process-to-process communications across an IP network. Application layer protocols use the underlying transport layer protocols to establish host-to-host connections for network services.
Many IP-based services are associated with a particular well-known port number which is standardized by the Internet technical governance.
For example, World-Wide-Web servers operate on port 80, and email relay servers usually listen on port 25.
Source officielle
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