Concept

White Brazilians

Résumé
White Brazilians (brasileiros brancos bɾaziˈle(j)ɾuz ˈbɾɐ̃kus) refers to Brazilian citizens who are considered or self-identify as "white", typically because of European or Levantine descent. The main ancestry of current white Brazilians is Portuguese. Historically, the Portuguese were the Europeans who mostly immigrated to Brazil: it is estimated that, between 1500 and 1808, 500,000 of them went to live in Brazil, and the Portuguese were practically the only European group to have definitively settled in colonial Brazil. Furthermore, even after independence, the Portuguese were among the nationalities that mostly immigrated to Brazil. Between 1884 and 1959, 4,734,494 immigrants entered Brazil, mostly from Portugal and Italy, but also from Spain, Germany, Poland and other countries and nowadays millions of Brazilians are also descended from these immigrants. The white Brazilian population is spread throughout Brazil's territory, but its highest percentage is found in the three southernmost states, where 79.8% of the population claims to be White in the censuses, whereas the Southeast region has the largest absolute numbers. According to the 2010 Census, the states with the highest percentage of white citizens are: Santa Catarina (88.1%), Rio Grande do Sul (82.3%), Paraná (70.06%), and São Paulo (63.65%). Other states with significant rates are: Rio de Janeiro (54.7%), Mato Grosso do Sul (51.78%) and Espírito Santo (50.45%). São Paulo has the largest population in absolute numbers with 29 million whites. Race and ethnicity in Brazil The conception of "white" in Brazil is similar to other Latin American countries yet different to the United States, where historically only people of entirely or (almost entirely) European ancestry have been considered white, due to the one drop rule. In Brazil and in Latin America in general, this conception does not exist. A 2000 survey conducted in Rio de Janeiro concluded that "racial-purity" is not important for a person to be classified as white in Brazil.
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