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Concept
Télescope géant
Résumé
An extremely large telescope (ELT) is an astronomical observatory featuring an optical telescope with an aperture for its primary mirror from 20 metres up to 100 metres across,
when discussing reflecting telescopes of optical wavelengths including ultraviolet (UV), visible, and near infrared wavelengths. Among many planned capabilities, extremely large telescopes are planned to increase the chance of finding Earth-like planets around other stars. Telescopes for radio wavelengths can be much bigger physically, such as the aperture fixed focus radio telescope of the Arecibo Observatory. Freely steerable radio telescopes with diameters up to have been in operation since the 1970s.
These telescopes have a number of features in common, in particular the use of a segmented primary mirror (similar to the existing Keck telescopes), and the use of high-order adaptive optics systems.
Although extremely large telescope designs are large, they can have smaller apertures than the aperture synthesis on many large optical interferometers. However, they may collect much more light, along with other advantages.
The Keck Observatory (2 x 10 m) and the Very Large Telescope, of the European Southern Observatory on Cerro Paranal in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile, measure 4 × 8.2 m and 4 × 1.8 m, all on separate mounts but in one building for interferometry.
File:Size comparison between the E-ELT and other telescope domes.jpg|The domes of the [[Extremely Large Telescope|ELT]], the [[Thirty Meter Telescope|TMT]] and the [[Giant Magellan Telescope|GMT]] compared to other, well known telescopes
Possible budget figures, which are estimates and can vary over time. For construction costs, it is recommended to estimate the cost of a giant telescope with the following equation:
There were several telescopes in various stages in the 1990s and early 2000s, and some developed into construction projects.
Under construction
ELT: Extremely Large Telescope
GMT: Giant Magellan Telescope
Funded construction
TMT: Thirty Meter Telescope
Projects
Some of these projects have been cancelled, or merged into ongoing extremely large telescopes.
Source officielle
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