Euler (programming language)

Euler is a programming language created by Niklaus Wirth and Helmut Weber, conceived as an extension and generalization of ALGOL 60. The designers' goals were to create a language that is: Simpler, yet more flexible, than ALGOL 60 Useful and processed with reasonable efficiency Definable with rigorous formality Available sources indicate that Euler was operational by 1965. Euler employs a general data type concept. In Euler, arrays, procedures, and switches are not quantities which are declared and named by identifiers: in contrast to ALGOL, they are not quantities on the same level as variables. Rather, these quantities are on the level of numeric and boolean constants. Thus, besides the traditional numeric and logical constants, Euler introduces several added types: Reference Label Symbol List (array) Procedure Undefined All constants can be assigned to variables, which have the same form as in ALGOL, but for which no fixed types are specified: Euler uses dynamic typing. Further, a procedure can produce a value of any type when executed, and this type can vary from one call of the procedure to the next. Similarly, the elements of a list can have values of any type and these can differ from element to element within a list. So, when the list elements are labels, a switch is obtained. If the elements are procedures, a procedure list is obtained, which is unavailable in ALGOL 60. If the elements are lists themselves, then a general tree structure is obtained. Euler provides general type-test and type-conversion operators.

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Concepts associés (6)

Algol 68

Algol 68 est un langage de programmation universel dérivé du langage Algol 60, principalement conçu par des Européens. Au-delà d'Algol 60, l'objectif des concepteurs d'Algol 68 était d'offrir un langage de programmation universel, résolument innovant, dérivant sa puissance d'une conception orthogonale. En Algol 68, le programmeur peut définir de nouveaux types de données, de nouveaux opérateurs, peut surcharger et étendre des opérateurs prédéfinis ; il peut ainsi adapter le langage à un domaine spécifique d'application ; des processus peuvent s'exécuter en parallèle, et se synchroniser à l'aide de sémaphores ; les entrées/sorties exploitent des volumes organisés en livres, pages et lignes.

Euler (programming language)

ALGOL 60

ALGOL 60 (short for Algorithmic Language 1960) is a member of the ALGOL family of computer programming languages. It followed on from ALGOL 58 which had introduced code blocks and the begin and end pairs for delimiting them, representing a key advance in the rise of structured programming. ALGOL 60 was one of the first languages implementing function definitions (that could be invoked recursively). ALGOL 60 function definitions could be nested within one another (which was first introduced by any programming language), with lexical scope.