Dharmapala du BengaleDharmapala, fils et successeur de Gopala (fondateur de la dynastie Pala) règne sur le Bengale de 770 à 810. Vers 800, il détrône Indrayudha de Kanauj et le remplace par Chakrayudha. Son empire s’étend du golfe du Bengale à Delhi et de Jalandhar aux monts Vindhya. Sous son règne le bouddhisme connait un renouveau. Son fils Devapala lui succède. Sailendra Nath Sen Ancient Indian History and Civilization New Age International, 1999 Catégorie:Histoire du monde indien Catégorie:Dirigeant du monde indien Catégor
KyaungA kyaung (, phóʊɰ̃dʑí tɕáʊɰ̃) is a monastery (vihara), comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of Buddhist monks. Burmese kyaungs are sometimes also occupied by novice monks (samanera), lay attendants (kappiya), nuns (thilashin), and young acolytes observing the five precepts (ဖိုးသူတော် phothudaw). The kyaung has traditionally been the center of village life in Burma, serving as both the educational institution for children and a community center, especially for merit-making activities such as construction of buildings, offering of food to monks and celebration of Buddhist festivals, and observance of uposatha.
Monachisme bouddhisteLe monachisme bouddhiste regroupe des moines (bhikkhu), littéralement et des nonnes (bhikkhuni) qui appartiennent au sangha, la communauté monastique bouddhique. Du vivant du Bouddha déjà, cette communauté s'est établie dans des monastères. Le monachisme a évolué avec le temps, et aussi en fonction des pays où le bouddhisme s'est implanté. Les moines bouddhistes observent les Préceptes définissant une vie de renoncement et de simplicité. Le terme de bhiksu n'a pas vraiment d’équivalent en français.
Architecture du BengaleL'architecture du Bengale, région qui comprend aujourd’hui le Bangladesh, le Bengale occidental, le Tripura et la vallée de Barak en Assam, a une longue et riche histoire, mélangeant des éléments indigènes du sous-continent indien avec des influences de différentes parties du monde. Le style bungalow est une exportation architecturale du Bengale. Les tours d'angle des édifices religieux bengalis ont été reproduites dans l'Asie du Sud-Est médiévale.
Jagaddala MahaviharaJagaddala Mahavihara (fl. late 11th century - mid-12th century) was a Buddhist monastery and seat of learning in Varendra, a geographical unit in present north Bengal in Bangladesh. It was founded by the later kings of the Pāla dynasty, probably Ramapala (c. 1077-1120), most likely at a site near the present village of Jagdal in Dhamoirhat Upazila in the north-west Bangladesh on the border with India, near Paharapur. Some texts also spell the name Jaggadala. Little is known about Jagaddala compared with the other mahaviharas of the era.
PitalkhoraThe Pitalkhora Caves, in the Satmala range of the Western Ghats of Maharashtra, India, are an ancient Buddhist site consisting of 14 rock-cut cave monuments which date back to the third century BCE, making them one of the earliest examples of rock-cut architecture in India. Located about 40 kilometers from Ellora, the site is reached by a steep climb down a flight of concrete stairs, past a waterfall next to the caves. The caves are cut in a variety of basalt rock, but some of the caves have crumbled and are damaged.
OdantapuriOdantapuri (also called Odantapura or Uddandapura) was a prominent Buddhist Mahavihara in what is now Bihar Sharif in Bihar, India. It is believed to have been established by the Pala ruler Gopala I in the 8th century. It is considered the second oldest of India's Mahaviharas after Nalanda and was situated in Magadha. Inscriptional evidence also indicates that the Mahavihara was supported by local Buddhist kings like the Pithipatis of Bodh Gaya.
JetavanaJetavana (Jeta's grove) was one of the most famous of the Buddhist monasteries or viharas in India (present-day Uttar Pradesh). It was the second vihara donated to Gautama Buddha after the Venuvana in Rajgir. The monastery was given to him by his chief male patron, Anathapindika. Jetavana is located just outside the old city of Savatthi. There was also an important vihara named Jetavana in Sri Lanka. Jetavana was the place where the Buddha gave the majority of his teachings and discourses, having stayed at Jetavana nineteen out of 45 vassas, more than in any other monastery.
Ordination hallThe ordination hall is a Buddhist building specifically consecrated and designated for the performance of the Buddhist ordination ritual (upasampadā) and other ritual ceremonies, such as the recitation of the Pāṭimokkha. The ordination hall is located within a boundary () that defines "the space within which all members of a single local community have to assemble as a complete Sangha () at a place appointed for ecclesiastical acts ()." The constitution of the sīmā is regulated and defined by the Vinaya and its commentaries and sub-commentaries.
