Salaire minimumLe salaire minimum, ou salaire minimal, est la rémunération minimale qu'un employeur peut légalement accorder à un employé pour un travail. Des abattements au salaire minimal sont parfois prévus par des dispositifs législatifs ou réglementaires. est l'adjectif qualifiant ce qui constitue un minimum. L'expression est critiquée par certains linguistes selon lesquels elle présente le défaut de juxtaposer deux substantifs (le salaire et le minimum) sur le modèle anglophone. Les formulations correctes seraient ici , ou .
Living wageA living wage is defined as the minimum income necessary for a worker to meet their basic needs. This is not the same as a subsistence wage, which refers to a biological minimum, or a solidarity wage, which refers to a minimum wage tracking labor productivity. Needs are defined to include food, housing, and other essential needs such as clothing. The goal of a living wage is to allow a worker to afford a basic but decent standard of living through employment without government subsidies.
Migration humainethumb|right|350px|Solde migratoire en 2016 Une migration humaine est un déplacement du lieu de vie d’individus. Les statistiques officielles évaluent entre 185 et 192 millions le nombre de migrants internationaux pour les années 2000, pour les personnes ayant quitté leur pays pour vivre et se fixer dans un autre pays pour au moins un an. Ce nombre augmente de 2 % par an . Il mesure un stock et comprend la migration volontaire et la migration forcée.
Environmental securityEnvironmental security examines threats posed by environmental events and trends to individuals, communities or nations. It may focus on the impact of human conflict and international relations on the environment, or on how environmental problems cross state borders. The Millennium Project assessed definitions of environmental security and created a synthesis definition: Environmental security is environmental viability for life support, with three sub-elements: preventing or repairing military damage to the environment, preventing or responding to environmentally caused conflicts, and protecting the environment due to its inherent moral value.
Circular migrationCircular migration or repeat migration is the temporary and usually repetitive movement of a migrant worker between home and host areas, typically for the purpose of employment. It represents an established pattern of population mobility, whether cross-country or rural-urban. There are several benefits associated with this migration pattern, including gains in financial capital, human capital, and social capital. There are also costs associated with circular migration, such as brain drain, poor working conditions, forced labor, and the inability to transfer acquired skills to home economies.
