Siliceous oozeSiliceous ooze is a type of biogenic pelagic sediment located on the deep ocean floor. Siliceous oozes are the least common of the deep sea sediments, and make up approximately 15% of the ocean floor. Oozes are defined as sediments which contain at least 30% skeletal remains of pelagic microorganisms. Siliceous oozes are largely composed of the silica based skeletons of microscopic marine organisms such as diatoms and radiolarians. Other components of siliceous oozes near continental margins may include terrestrially derived silica particles and sponge spicules.
Cycle du dioxyde de siliciumLe cycle du dioxyde de silicium est le cycle biogéochimique dans lequel le dioxyde de silicium (ou silice) est transféré entre les différents systèmes terrestres. Le silicium est un élément bioessentiel et c'est aussi l'un des éléments les plus abondants sur Terre. Le cycle du dioxyde de silicium a un chevauchement significatif avec le cycle du carbone (cycle carbonate-silicate) et joue un rôle important dans l'enfermement du carbone par le biais de l'altération continentale, de l'exportation biogénique et de l'enfouissement sous forme de limons à l'échelle des temps géologiques.
Marine microorganismsMarine microorganisms are defined by their habitat as microorganisms living in a marine environment, that is, in the saltwater of a sea or ocean or the brackish water of a coastal estuary. A microorganism (or microbe) is any microscopic living organism or virus, that is too small to see with the unaided human eye without magnification. Microorganisms are very diverse. They can be single-celled or multicellular and include bacteria, archaea, viruses and most protozoa, as well as some fungi, algae, and animals, such as rotifers and copepods.
Cycle biogéochimiqueUn cycle biogéochimique est le processus de transport et de transformation cyclique (recyclage) d'un élément ou composé chimique entre les grands réservoirs que sont la géosphère, l'atmosphère, l'hydrosphère, dans lesquels se retrouve la biosphère. Un tel cycle induit souvent des passages de l'état organique à l'état minéral au sein de la biosphère. Les divers cycles en interaction confèrent à la biosphère une capacité de régulation, appelée homéostasie.
Biogenic silicaBiogenic silica (bSi), also referred to as opal, biogenic opal, or amorphous opaline silica, forms one of the most widespread biogenic minerals. For example, microscopic particles of silica called phytoliths can be found in grasses and other plants. Silica is an amorphous metal oxide formed by complex inorganic polymerization processes. This is opposed to the other major biogenic minerals, comprising carbonate and phosphate, which occur in nature as crystalline iono-covalent solids (e.g.