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Biomass, in the context of energy production, is matter from recently living (but now dead) organisms which is used for bioenergy production. Examples include wood, wood residues, energy crops, agricultural residues including straw, and organic waste from industry and households. Wood and wood residues is the largest biomass energy source today. Wood can be used as a fuel directly or processed into pellet fuel or other forms of fuels. Other plants can also be used as fuel, for instance maize, switchgrass, miscanthus and bamboo.
Face to the increasing demand for energy, the declining availability of fossil fuels and the periodical tensions in the geopolitical context of oil-producing countries have raised serious concerns in
EPFL2012
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In this laboratory study a multidiagnostic experimental approach including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption of 1 to 2 mu m thick polycrystalline ice films, residual gas mass spectrometry (
Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh2013
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In the present work, two pretreatment techniques using either dilute acid (H2SO4) or dilute alkali (NaOH) have been compared for producing bioethanol from Empty Fruit Bunches (EFBs) from oil palm tree