Felix Schürmann

Biographie

Felix Schürmann is co-director of the Blue Brain Project and involved in several research challenges of the European Human Brain Project. He studied physics at the University of Heidelberg, Germany, supported by the German National Academic Foundation. Later, as a Fulbright Scholar, he obtained his Master's degree (M.S.) in Physics from the State University of New York, Buffalo, USA, under the supervision of Richard Gonsalves. During these studies, he became curious about the role of different computing substrates and dedicated his master thesis to the simulation of quantum computing. He studied for his Ph.D. at the University of Heidelberg, Germany, under the supervision of Karlheinz Meier. For his thesis he co-designed an efficient implementation of a neural network in hardware.

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https://people.epfl.ch/felix.schuermann?lang=fr

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thumb|537x537px|Schéma complet d’un neurone. Un neurone, ou une cellule nerveuse, est une cellule excitable constituant l'unité fonctionnelle de la base du système nerveux. Les neurones assurent la

La simulation de phénomènes est un outil utilisé dans le domaine de la recherche et du développement. Elle permet d'étudier les réactions d'un système à différentes contraintes pour en déduire les r

vignette|390x390px|Fig. 1. Dendrites, soma et axone myélinisé, avec un flux de signal des entrées aux dendrites aux sorties aux bornes des axones. Le signal est une courte impulsion électrique appelée

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Editorial: Neuroscience, computing, performance, and benchmarks: Why it matters to neuroscience how fast we can compute

Omar Awile, Felix Schürmann

2023

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Computational Concepts for Reconstructing and Simulating Brain Tissue

Jean-Denis Georges Emile Courcol, Srikanth Ramaswamy, Felix Schürmann

It has previously been shown that it is possible to derive a new class of biophysically detailed brain tissue models when one computationally analyzes and exploits the interdependencies or the multi-modal and multi-scale organization of the brain. These reconstructions, sometimes referred to as digital twins, enable a spectrum of scientific investigations. Building such models has become possible because of increase in quantitative data but also advances in computational capabilities, algorithmic and methodological innovations. This chapter presents the computational science concepts that provide the foundation to the data-driven approach to reconstructing and simulating brain tissue as developed by the EPFL Blue Brain Project, which was originally applied to neocortical microcircuitry and extended to other brain regions. Accordingly, the chapter covers aspects such as a knowledge graph-based data organization and the importance of the concept of a dataset release. We illustrate algorithmic advances in finding suitable parameters for electrical models of neurons or how spatial constraints can be exploited for predicting synaptic connections. Furthermore, we explain how in silico experimentation with such models necessitates specific addressing schemes or requires strategies for an efficient simulation. The entire data-driven approach relies on the systematic validation of the model. We conclude by discussing complementary strategies that not only enable judging the fidelity of the model but also form the basis for its systematic refinements.

Springer2022

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Meshing of Spiny Neuronal Morphologies using Union Operators

Marwan Muhammad Ahmed Abdellah, Alessandro Enrico Foni, Juan José García Cantero, Nadir Roman Guerrero, Felix Schürmann

Neurons are characterized by thin and long interleaving arborizations in which creating accurate mesh models of their cellular membranes is challenging. While union operators are central for CAD/CAM modeling and computer graphics applications, their applicability to neuronal mesh generation has not been explored. In this work, we present the results of exploring the effectiveness of using union operators to generate high fidelity surface meshes of spiny neurons from their morphological traces. To improve the visual realism of the resulting models, a plausible shape of the cell body is also realized with implicit surfaces (metaballs). The algorithm is implemented in Blender based on its Python API and is integrated into NeuroMorphoVis, a neuroscience-specific framework for visualization and analysis of neuronal morphologies. Our method is applied to a dataset consisting of more than 600 neurons representing 60 morphological types reconstructed from the neocortex of a juvenile rat. The performance of our implementation is quantitatively analyzed, and the results are qualitatively compared to previous implementation. The resulting meshes are applicable in multiple contexts including visualization and analysis of full compartmental simulations and generation of high quality multimedia content for scientific visualization and visual computing (Figure 1). Computer Graphics Marwan Abdellah, Juan José García Cantero, Alessandro Foni, Nadir Román Guerrero, Elvis Boci, and Felix Schürmann

The Eurographics Association2022

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