We report the observation of three negative upward flashes recorded by a high-speed camera at the Säntis Tower during the Summer of 2019. The camera was operating at 10,000 fps and an exposure time of 99 μs. Simultaneous measurements of the lightning curre ...

2021

The laser lightning rod project

Marcos Rubinstein, Antonio Sunjerga, Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Mohammad Azadifar, Amirhossein Mostajabi, Jean-Pierre Wolf, Clemens Herkommer, Pierre Walch, Thomas Produit

Lightning is highly destructive due to its high power density and unpredictable character. Directing lightning away would allow to protect sensitive sites from its direct and indirect impacts (electromagnetic perturbations). Up to now, lasers have been una ...

2021

Säntis Lightning Research Facility Instrumentation

Mario Paolone, Antonio Sunjerga, Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Marcos Rubinstein, Mohammad Azadifar, Amirhossein Mostajabi, Davide Pavanello, Abraham Rubinstein, Carlos Alberto Romero Romero, David Smith

The Säntis Tower was instrumented in May 2010 to measure currents of lightning discharges striking the tower. Since then the system has been recurrently updated and expanded. Currently, data associated with lightning strikes to the tower are collected at f ...

2021

Partial discharge localization using time reversal: application to power transformers and gas-insulated substations

Marcos Rubinstein, Mohammad Azadifar, Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Amirhossein Mostajabi, Hamidreza Karami

A method for locating one or multiple partial discharge sources in a power transformer or a Gas-Insulated Substation, whereby the partial discharges emit electromagnetic and acoustic waves, the method comprising recording a signal corresponding to the wave ...

2021

Localization of Electromagnetic Interference Sources Using a Time-Reversal Cavity

Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Marcos Rubinstein, Mohammad Azadifar, Amirhossein Mostajabi, Hamidreza Karami

In this article, we propose and implement a novel technique to locate electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources using the concept of time-reversal (TR) cavity. We show in an intuitive manner that reflections from the surfaces of a cavity can emulate an in ...

2021

Mountaintop gamma ray observations of two TGFs at the Santis Tower, Switzerland with coincident radio waveforms characteristic of a RREA current pulse

Antonio Sunjerga, Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Amirhossein Mostajabi

The electrodynamics of the Terrestrial Gamma Ray Flash (TGF) are not fully understood but the last decade has seen compelling observations in lightning leader (+IC) radio emission that have linked a subset of TGF satellite observations with unique waveform ...

2021

Measurement and Modeling of Both Distant and Close Electric Fields of an M‐Component in Rocket‐Triggered Lightning

Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Marcos Rubinstein, Mohammad Azadifar, Amirhossein Mostajabi, Qi Li, Mi Zhou

Simultaneous measurements of current and multiple‐station electric fields associated with a 5.4‐kA‐peak M‐component in rocket‐triggered lightning are presented in this study. A close‐range electric field measurement site was located northeast of the trigge ...

2020

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Mountaintop gamma ray observations of two TGFs at the Santis Tower, Switzerland with coincident radio waveforms characteristic of a RREA current pulse

Antonio Sunjerga, Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Amirhossein Mostajabi

2021