Publication

The functional organization of the barrel cortex

Carl Petersen
2007
Article
Résumé

The tactile somatosensory pathway from whisker to cortex in rodents provides a well-defined system for exploring the link between molecular mechanisms, synaptic circuits, and behavior. The primary somatosensory cortex has an exquisite somatotopic map where each individual whisker is represented in a discrete anatomical unit, the "barrel," allowing precise delineation of functional organization, development, and plasticity. Sensory information is actively acquired in awake behaving rodents and processed differently within the barrel map depending upon whisker-related behavior. The prominence of state-dependent cortical sensory processing is likely to be crucial in our understanding of active sensory perception, experience-dependent plasticity and learning.

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Concepts associés (27)
Somesthésie
La somesthésie (dite aussi sensibilité du corps) constitue un des systèmes sensoriels de l'organisme. La somesthésie désigne un ensemble de différentes sensations (pression, chaleur, douleur...) qui proviennent de plusieurs régions du corps (peau, tendons, articulations, viscères...). Ces sensations sont élaborées à partir des informations fournies par de nombreux récepteurs sensitifs du système somatosensoriel, situés dans les tissus de l'organisme (mécanorécepteurs du derme et des viscères, fuseaux neuromusculaires des muscles, fuseaux neurotendineux des tendons, plexus de la racine des poils.
Primary somatosensory cortex
In neuroanatomy, the primary somatosensory cortex is located in the postcentral gyrus of the brain's parietal lobe, and is part of the somatosensory system. It was initially defined from surface stimulation studies of Wilder Penfield, and parallel surface potential studies of Bard, Woolsey, and Marshall. Although initially defined to be roughly the same as Brodmann areas 3, 1 and 2, more recent work by Kaas has suggested that for homogeny with other sensory fields only area 3 should be referred to as "primary somatosensory cortex", as it receives the bulk of the thalamocortical projections from the sensory input fields.
Cortex cérébral
Le cortex cérébral (ou écorce cérébrale), d'origine prosencéphalique, est la substance grise périphérique des hémisphères cérébraux. Il se compose de trois couches (pour l'archi- et le paléocortex) à six couches (pour le néocortex) renfermant différentes classes de neurones, d'interneurones et de cellules gliales. Le cortex peut être segmenté en différentes aires selon des critères cytoarchitectoniques (nombre de couches, type de neurones), de leur connexions, notamment avec le thalamus, et de leur fonction.
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