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Pathogen-mediated balancing selection is regarded as a key driver of host immunogenetic diversity. A hallmark for balancing selection in humans is the heterozygote advantage at genes of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), resulting in improved HIV-1 control ...
The immune system is a complex network of specialized cells that work in concert to protect against invading pathogens and tissue damage. Imbalances in this network often result in excessive or absent immune responses leading to allergies, autoimmune disea ...
P27A is a novel synthetic malaria vaccine candidate derived from the blood stage Plasmodium falciparum protein Trophozoite Exported Protein 1 (TEX1/PFF0165c). In phase 1a/1b clinical trials in malaria unexposed adults in Switzerland and in malaria pre-expo ...
Adaptive type 2 immune responses against the intestinal helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Hp) require the interaction of follicle-associated CXCR5(+) dendritic cells with naive T cells in the draining mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs). However, the source of ...
Adoptive cell transfer of ex vivo expanded regulatory T cells (T-r(egs)) has shown immense potential in animal models of auto- and alloimmunity. However, the effective translation of such T-reg therapies to the clinic has been slow. Because T-reg homeostas ...
For decades, the understanding of life has been focused on its most fundamental building blocks: molecules. Deciphering the dynamic activities of protein molecules in human cells is of vital significance for fundamental and clinical studies. The minuscule ...
Pathogen-derived nucleic acids are crucial signals for innate immunity. Despite the structural similarity between those and host nucleic acids, mammalian cells have been able to evolve powerful innate immune signaling pathways that originate from the detec ...
LRH-1 (liver receptor homolog-1/NR5a2) is an orphan nuclear receptor, which regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as intestinal inflammation via the transcriptional control of intestinal glucocorticoid synthesis. Predominantly expressed in epithe ...
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)2019
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is a key component of BCR signaling required for B-cell maturation and activation. Loss-of-function mutations throughout the Btk protein cause human X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), a heritable genetic disorder characterize ...
In animals, growth is regulated by the complex interplay between paracrine and endocrine signals. When food is scarce, tissues compete for nutrients, leading to critical resource allocation and prioritization. Little is known about how the immune system ma ...