Dissipation factorIn physics, the dissipation factor (DF) is a measure of loss-rate of energy of a mode of oscillation (mechanical, electrical, or electromechanical) in a dissipative system. It is the reciprocal of quality factor, which represents the "quality" or durability of oscillation. Electrical potential energy is dissipated in all dielectric materials, usually in the form of heat. In a capacitor made of a dielectric placed between conductors, the typical lumped element model includes a lossless ideal capacitor in series with a resistor termed the equivalent series resistance (ESR) as shown below.
Effet KerrL'effet Kerr est un phénomène de biréfringence créée dans un matériau par un champ électrique. Cela se caractérise par l'existence de deux indices de réfraction différents : un rayon lumineux peut être séparé en deux rayons lorsqu'il entre dans ce matériau. La biréfringence induite varie, contrairement à l'effet Pockels, selon le carré du champ électrique appliqué, c.-à-d. selon son intensité. Les matériaux présentent en général un effet Kerr très peu visible, ce dernier étant plus prononcé dans certains liquides.
Existential phenomenologyExistential phenomenology encompasses a wide range of thinkers who take up the view that philosophy must begin from experience like phenomenology, but argues for the temporality of personal existence as the framework for analysis of the human condition. In Being and Time, Martin Heidegger reframes Edmund Husserl's phenomenological project into what he terms fundamental ontology. This is based on an observation and analysis of Dasein ("being-there"), human being, investigating the fundamental structure of the Lebenswelt (lifeworld, Husserl's term) underlying all so-called regional ontologies of the special sciences.
