Running relay: Incorporating an energy-relay dye (ERD) into the hole transporter of a dye-sensitized solar cell increased power-conversion efficiency by 29 % by extending light harvesting into the blue region. In the operating mechanism (see picture), absorption of red photons by the sensitizer transfers an electron into TiO2 and a hole into the electrolyte. Blue photons absorbed by the ERD are transferred by FRET to the sensitizer.
Michael Graetzel, Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin, Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin, Fabrizio Giordano, Ulf Anders Hagfeldt, Marina Freitag, Julian Burschka
Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin, Jean-David Décoppet