Momentum operatorIn quantum mechanics, the momentum operator is the operator associated with the linear momentum. The momentum operator is, in the position representation, an example of a differential operator. For the case of one particle in one spatial dimension, the definition is: where ħ is Planck's reduced constant, i the imaginary unit, x is the spatial coordinate, and a partial derivative (denoted by ) is used instead of a total derivative (d/dx) since the wave function is also a function of time. The "hat" indicates an operator.
Chimie quantiqueLa chimie quantique est une branche de la chimie théorique qui applique la mécanique quantique aux systèmes moléculaires pour étudier les processus et les propriétés chimiques. Le comportement électronique et nucléaire des molécules étant responsable des propriétés chimiques, il ne peut être décrit adéquatement qu'à partir de l'équation du mouvement quantique (équation de Schrödinger) et des autres postulats fondamentaux de la mécanique quantique. Cette nécessité a motivé le développement de concepts (notamment orbitale moléculaire.
Shifting (syntax)In syntax, shifting occurs when two or more constituents appearing on the same side of their common head exchange positions in a sense to obtain non-canonical order. The most widely acknowledged type of shifting is heavy NP shift, but shifting involving a heavy NP is just one manifestation of the shifting mechanism. Shifting occurs in most if not all European languages, and it may in fact be possible in all natural languages including sign languages.
Discontinuity (linguistics)In linguistics, a discontinuity occurs when a given word or phrase is separated from another word or phrase that it modifies in such a manner that a direct connection cannot be established between the two without incurring crossing lines in the tree structure. The terminology that is employed to denote discontinuities varies depending on the theory of syntax at hand. The terms discontinuous constituent, displacement, long distance dependency, unbounded dependency, and projectivity violation are largely synonymous with the term discontinuity.
