Electroweak scaleIn particle physics, the electroweak scale, also known as the Fermi scale, is the energy scale around 246 GeV, a typical energy of processes described by the electroweak theory. The particular number 246 GeV is taken to be the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field (where is the Fermi coupling constant). In some cases the term electroweak scale is used to refer to the temperature of electroweak symmetry breaking, 159.5±1.5 GeV In other cases, the term is used more loosely to refer to energies in a broad range around 102 - 103 GeV.
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard ModelThe Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is an extension to the Standard Model that realizes supersymmetry. MSSM is the minimal supersymmetrical model as it considers only "the [minimum] number of new particle states and new interactions consistent with "Reality". Supersymmetry pairs bosons with fermions, so every Standard Model particle has a superpartner yet undiscovered. If discovered, such superparticles could be candidates for dark matter, and could provide evidence for grand unification or the viability of string theory.
Massive compact halo objectLes MACHO (acronyme de massive astrophysical compact halo object ou de massive compact halo object) sont des objets hypothétiques compacts et sombres pouvant errer dans le halo galactique. Les MACHO apportent une solution possible au problème de la matière noire galactique. Celle-ci serait alors répartie dans un halo d'objets dans la Voie Lactée, qui seraient difficilement détectables. Les candidats possibles seraient des naines brunes, naines blanches ou naines rouges peu lumineuses, des trous noirs (potentiellement primordiaux) ou encore des planètes errantes.
Physical cosmologyPhysical cosmology is a branch of cosmology concerned with the study of cosmological models. A cosmological model, or simply cosmology, provides a description of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the universe and allows study of fundamental questions about its origin, structure, evolution, and ultimate fate. Cosmology as a science originated with the Copernican principle, which implies that celestial bodies obey identical physical laws to those on Earth, and Newtonian mechanics, which first allowed those physical laws to be understood.
Introduction à la mécanique quantiqueLe but de cet article est de présenter une introduction accessible, non technique, au sujet. Pour l'article encyclopédique consulter Mécanique quantique. La mécanique quantique est la science de l'infiniment petit : elle regroupe l'ensemble des travaux scientifiques qui interprètent le comportement des constituants de la matière, et ses interactions avec l'énergie, à l'échelle des atomes et des particules subatomiques. La physique classique décrit la matière et l'énergie à l'échelle humaine, dans leur observation de tous les jours, y compris les corps célestes.
