Minimal Supersymmetric Standard ModelThe Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is an extension to the Standard Model that realizes supersymmetry. MSSM is the minimal supersymmetrical model as it considers only "the [minimum] number of new particle states and new interactions consistent with "Reality". Supersymmetry pairs bosons with fermions, so every Standard Model particle has a superpartner yet undiscovered. If discovered, such superparticles could be candidates for dark matter, and could provide evidence for grand unification or the viability of string theory.
Neutrino stérileLe neutrino stérile est un type hypothétique de neutrino qui n'interagit via aucune des interactions fondamentales du modèle standard de la physique des particules, hormis la gravité. C'est un neutrino dextrogyre (autrement dit à chiralité droite) léger ou bien un antineutrino lévogyre qui pourrait s'ajouter au modèle standard, et prendre part aux phénomènes tels que le mélange des neutrinos. Le terme neutrino stérile est utilisé pour le distinguer du neutrino actif du modèle standard, qui dispose d'une charge pour l'interaction faible.
Cosmologie quantiqueLa cosmologie quantique est une branche spéculative de la cosmologie qui vise à décrire les premiers instants de l'Univers en le considérant comme un objet quantique, c'est-à-dire décrit par les lois de la mécanique quantique et de la théorie quantique des champs. Cette discipline peut être vue comme une branche de la gravité quantique, quoique la connaissance d'une théorie quantique de la gravitation ne soit pas indispensable pour certains résultats de la cosmologie quantique.
Truly neutral particleIn particle physics, a truly neutral particle is a subatomic particle that is its own antiparticle. In other words, it remains itself under the charge conjugation, which replaces particles with their corresponding antiparticles. All charges of a truly neutral particle must be equal to zero. This requires particles to not only be electrically neutral, but also requires that all of their other charges (such as the colour charge) be neutral.
Supersymmetric quantum mechanicsIn theoretical physics, supersymmetric quantum mechanics is an area of research where supersymmetry are applied to the simpler setting of plain quantum mechanics, rather than quantum field theory. Supersymmetric quantum mechanics has found applications outside of high-energy physics, such as providing new methods to solve quantum mechanical problems, providing useful extensions to the WKB approximation, and statistical mechanics.
Unitarity gaugeIn theoretical physics, the unitarity gauge or unitary gauge is a particular choice of a gauge fixing in a gauge theory with a spontaneous symmetry breaking. In this gauge, the scalar fields responsible for the Higgs mechanism are transformed into a basis in which their Goldstone boson components are set to zero. In other words, the unitarity gauge makes the manifest number of scalar degrees of freedom minimal. The gauge was introduced to particle physics by Steven Weinberg in the context of the electroweak theory.
