Costodiaphragmatic recessThe costodiaphragmatic recess, also called the costophrenic recess or phrenicocostal sinus, is the posterolateral fringe of the pleural space, a potential space around the lung inside the pleural cavity. It is located at the acutely angled junction ("reflection") between the costal and diaphragmatic parietal pleurae, and is interpreted two-dimensionally on plain X-rays as the costophrenic angle. It measures approximately vertically and extends from the eighth to the tenth rib along the mid-axillary line.
Coronary catheterizationA coronary catheterization is a minimally invasive procedure to access the coronary circulation and blood filled chambers of the heart using a catheter. It is performed for both diagnostic and interventional (treatment) purposes. Coronary catheterization is one of the several cardiology diagnostic tests and procedures. Specifically, through the injection of a liquid radiocontrast agent and illumination with X-rays, angiocardiography allows the recognition of occlusion, stenosis, restenosis, thrombosis or aneurysmal enlargement of the coronary artery lumens; heart chamber size; heart muscle contraction performance; and some aspects of heart valve function.
Lung noduleA lung nodule or pulmonary nodule is a relatively small focal density in the lung. A solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) or coin lesion, is a mass in the lung smaller than three centimeters in diameter. A pulmonary micronodule has a diameter of less than three millimetres. There may also be multiple nodules. One or more lung nodules can be an incidental finding found in up to 0.2% of chest X-rays and around 1% of CT scans.
AtélectasieUne atélectasie (du grec atélês, incomplet, et ektasis, extension) définit l'affaissement (rétraction) d'alvéoles pulmonaires. L'atélectasie peut être causée par le blocage d'une bronche ou par l'entrée d'air dans la plèvre (ce qui se nomme un pneumothorax). Elle peut aussi être physiologique dans les jours suivant la naissance, avant le déplissement des alvéoles et l'élimination du liquide pulmonaire. Dans le premier cas, le blocage entraîne la disparition de l'air dans les alvéoles, causant leur affaissement (rétraction).
CathéterUn cathéter (abrégé KT) est un dispositif médical consistant en un tube, de largeur et de souplesse variables, et fabriqué en différentes matières selon les modèles ou les usages pour lesquels ils sont destinés. Le cathéter est destiné à être inséré dans la lumière d'une cavité du corps ou d'un vaisseau sanguin et permet le drainage ou la perfusion de liquides, ou encore un accès pour d'autres dispositifs médicaux. La procédure d'insertion d'un cathéter se nomme le cathétérisme.
Preload (cardiology)In cardiac physiology, preload is the amount of sarcomere stretch experienced by cardiac muscle cells, called cardiomyocytes, at the end of ventricular filling during diastole. Preload is directly related to ventricular filling. As the relaxed ventricle fills during diastole, the walls are stretched and the length of sarcomeres increases. Sarcomere length can be approximated by the volume of the ventricle because each shape has a conserved surface-area-to-volume ratio.
