Iontophoretic delivery of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and a series of ALA esters into and through the skin
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The protective function of the skin is mediated by the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin, which is the end-product of epidermal differentiation. Previously, we showed that fetal rat skin explants complete the late-stage milestones of epiderm ...
Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) is used as a fluorescence marker and photosensitizing agent in photodynamic therapy (PDT). A temporary increase of PpIX in tissues can be obtained by administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). Lipophilicity is one of the key pa ...
The cutaneous phototoxic reaction induced by i.v. injection of 5,-10,-15,-20-tetra(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC) has been clin. evaluated in patients undergoing photodynamic therapy. These tests were performed on the backs of 23 patients with a solar sim ...
A model is described to simulate expressive wrinkles in 3D facial animation and skin aging. A plastic visco elastic skin surface is defined that can slide over an underlying layer. This layer constrains the skin surface by the spring force that simulates t ...
A method for hair removal from a skin area by selective photo-inactivation of the pilo-sebaceous apparatus using ALA, derivatives of ALA, for example those with alkylene-glycol chains. Selectivity of the method is further enhanced by treatment of the epide ...