Reactions of chlorine with inorganic and organic compounds during water treatment - Kinetics and mechanisms: A critical review
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A Lewis acid catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction between donor-acceptor aminocyclopropanes and indoles and other electron-rich aromatic compounds is reported. Indole alkylation at the C3 position was generally obtained for a broad range of functional groups ...
Various oxidants such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ferrateVI, ozone, and hydroxyl radicals can be applied for eliminating organic micropollutant by oxidative transformation during water treatment in systems such as drinking water, wastewater, and water r ...
HOBr, formed via oxidation of bromide by free available chlorine (FAC), is frequently assumed to be the sole species responsible for generating brominated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Our studies reveal that BrCl, Br-2, BrOCl, and Br2O can also serve as ...
The oxidation of dissolved manganese(II) (Mn(II)) during chlorination is a relatively slow process which may lead to residual Mn(II) in treated drinking waters. Chemical Mn(II) oxidation is autocatalytic and consists of a homogeneous and a heterogeneous pr ...
A novel multicomponent synthesis of 5-alkoxyoxazoles, based on a new reactivity profile of a-isocyanoacetates, is described. Thus, simply heating a solution of amine, aldehyde, and a-(EWG-phenyl)-a-isocyanoacetate or a-(4-pyridyl)-a isocyano acetate (EWG=e ...
Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) decay in the presence of typical metal oxides occurring in distribution systems was investigated. Metal oxides generally enhanced ClO2 decay in a second-order process via three pathways: (1) catalytic disproportionation with equimol ...
The continuous progress in medicinal chemistry requires more versatile synthetic strategies for the generation of large libraries of active compounds and their analogues. As a result, the research for new effective cyclization and cycloaddition reactions i ...
Even though ozone has been applied for a long time for disinfection and oxidation in water treatment, there is lack of critical information related to transformation of organic compounds. This has become more important in recent years, because there is con ...
Chloramines in drinking water may form N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA). Various primary disinfectants can deactivate NDMA precursors prior to chloramination. However, they promote the formation of other byproducts. This study compared the reduction in NDMA f ...
Chemical oxidation processes have been widely applied to water treatment and may serve as a tool to minimize the release of micropollutants (e g pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors) from municipal wastewater effluents into the aquatic environment The ...
