Regulation of TGF beta and related signals by precursor processing
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The transduction of extracellular signals through signaling pathways that culminate in a transcriptional response is central to many biological processes. However, quantitative relationships between activities of signaling pathway components and transcript ...
The transcription factor STAT3 is frequently activated in human solid and hematological malignancies and remains a challenging therapeutic target with no approved drugs to date. Here, we develop synthetic antibody mimetics, termed monobodies, to interfere ...
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a fundamental enzyme that controls energy homeostasis, through orchestrating the cellular response to a reduction in energy availability. Under conditions of cellular energy stress AMPK senses the decrease in ATP leve ...
Proprotein Convertases (PCs) constitute a family of serine proteases that activate various
hormones, growth factors and cell adhesion molecules by mediating endoproteolytic cleavage
of their secreted inactive precursors during their transit in the secret ...
Cells live in ever-changing environments, thereby facing a variety of dynamic environmental signals. Environmental stimuli elicit intracellular responses through signaling pathways, which converge on transcriptional activation or repression of target genes ...
The key mRNA-binding proteins HuR and AUF1 are reported stress sensors in mammals. Intrigued by recent reports of sensitivity of these proteins to the electrophilic lipid prostaglandin A2 and other redox signals, we here examined their sensing abilities to ...
The careful design of the antibody architecture is becoming more and more important, especially when the purpose is agonism. We present the design of a novel antibody format that is able to promote receptor dimerization and induce signal transduction resul ...
Numerous peptides serve as natural ligands of intra- and extracellular receptors. The presence of charged amino acids, however, often hinders the membrane-crossing ability of some of these peptides and renders them unsuitable as chem. probes for perturbing ...
Targeted cancer therapy is a very promising concept; however, small molecule inhibitors only exist for a limited number of oncoproteins and resistance development limits their clinical use. Different engineered non-antibody scaffolds are being explored to ...
Nascent adhesions are submicron transient structures promoting the early adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix. Nascent adhesions typically consist of several tens of integrins, and serve as platforms for the recruitment and activation of proteins ...