Substrat (chimie)Substrate is a term used in materials science and engineering to describe the base material on which processing is conducted. This surface could be used to produce new film or layers of material such as deposited coatings. It could be the base to which paint, adhesives, or adhesive tape is bonded. A typical substrate might be rigid such as metal, concrete, or glass, onto which a coating might be deposited. Flexible substrates are also used. With all coating processes, the condition of the surface of the substrate can strongly affect the bond of subsequent layers.
FoudreLa foudre est un phénomène naturel de décharge électrostatique disruptive de grande intensité qui se produit dans l'atmosphère, entre des régions chargées électriquement, et peut se produire soit à l'intérieur d'un nuage (décharge intra-nuageuse), soit entre plusieurs nuages (inter-nuageuse), soit entre un nuage et le sol (nuage-sol ou sol-nuage). La foudre est toujours accompagnée d'un ou plusieurs éclairs (émission intense de rayonnement électromagnétique, dont les composantes se situent dans la partie visible du spectre), et du tonnerre (émission d'ondes sonores), en plus d'autres phénomènes associés.
Antistatic deviceAn antistatic device is any device that reduces, dampens, or otherwise inhibits electrostatic discharge, or ESD, which is the buildup or discharge of static electricity. ESD can damage electrical components such as computer hard drives, and even ignite flammable liquids and gases. Many methods exist for neutralizing static electricity, varying in use and effectiveness depending on the application. Antistatic agents are chemical compounds that can be added to an object, or the packaging of an object, to help deter the buildup or discharge of static electricity.
