Loss functions for classificationIn machine learning and mathematical optimization, loss functions for classification are computationally feasible loss functions representing the price paid for inaccuracy of predictions in classification problems (problems of identifying which category a particular observation belongs to). Given as the space of all possible inputs (usually ), and as the set of labels (possible outputs), a typical goal of classification algorithms is to find a function which best predicts a label for a given input .
Hachage universelEn mathématiques et en informatique, le hachage universel, en anglais universal hashing, (dans un algorithme probabiliste ou un bloc de données) est une méthode qui consiste à sélectionner aléatoirement une fonction de hachage dans une famille de fonctions de hachages qui ont certaines propriétés mathématiques. Cela permet de minimiser la probabilité de collision de hachage. Plusieurs familles de fonctions de hachages sont connues (pour hacher des entiers, des chaînes de caractères ou des vecteurs), et leur calcul est souvent très efficace.
Statistical learning in language acquisitionStatistical learning is the ability for humans and other animals to extract statistical regularities from the world around them to learn about the environment. Although statistical learning is now thought to be a generalized learning mechanism, the phenomenon was first identified in human infant language acquisition. The earliest evidence for these statistical learning abilities comes from a study by Jenny Saffran, Richard Aslin, and Elissa Newport, in which 8-month-old infants were presented with nonsense streams of monotone speech.
Cuckoo hashingCuckoo hashing is a scheme in computer programming for resolving hash collisions of values of hash functions in a table, with worst-case constant lookup time. The name derives from the behavior of some species of cuckoo, where the cuckoo chick pushes the other eggs or young out of the nest when it hatches in a variation of the behavior referred to as brood parasitism; analogously, inserting a new key into a cuckoo hashing table may push an older key to a different location in the table.
