ZielA goal or objective is an idea of the future or desired result that a person or a group of people envision, plan and commit to achieve. People endeavour to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines. A goal is roughly similar to a purpose or aim, the anticipated result which guides reaction, or an end, which is an object, either a physical object or an abstract object, that has intrinsic value. Goal setting Goal-setting theory was formulated based on empirical research and has been called one of the most important theories in organizational psychology.
Observational learningObservational learning is learning that occurs through observing the behavior of others. It is a form of social learning which takes various forms, based on various processes. In humans, this form of learning seems to not need reinforcement to occur, but instead, requires a social model such as a parent, sibling, friend, or teacher with surroundings. Particularly in childhood, a model is someone of authority or higher status in an environment.
Problème d'échecsUn problème d’échecs est un casse-tête artistique utilisant les pièces et les règles du jeu d'échecs. Un problème est créé par un compositeur dans le but de présenter un thème ou une idée particulière. Les problèmes d'échecs appartiennent au domaine de la composition échiquéenne. L'énoncé le plus fréquent est : les blancs jouent un premier coup (c'est la clé du problème), et, quel que soit le coup par lequel répondent les noirs, les blancs peuvent mater le roi noir à leur second coup.
Evaluation functionAn evaluation function, also known as a heuristic evaluation function or static evaluation function, is a function used by game-playing computer programs to estimate the value or goodness of a position (usually at a leaf or terminal node) in a game tree. Most of the time, the value is either a real number or a quantized integer, often in nths of the value of a playing piece such as a stone in go or a pawn in chess, where n may be tenths, hundredths or other convenient fraction, but sometimes, the value is an array of three values in the unit interval, representing the win, draw, and loss percentages of the position.
Albinism in humansAlbinism is a congenital condition characterized in humans by the partial or complete absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes. Albinism is associated with a number of vision defects, such as photophobia, nystagmus, and amblyopia. Lack of skin pigmentation makes for more susceptibility to sunburn and skin cancers. In rare cases such as Chédiak–Higashi syndrome, albinism may be associated with deficiencies in the transportation of melanin granules. This also affects essential granules present in immune cells leading to increased susceptibility to infection.
Scikit-learnScikit-learn est une bibliothèque libre Python destinée à l'apprentissage automatique. Elle est développée par de nombreux contributeurs notamment dans le monde académique par des instituts français d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche comme Inria. Elle propose dans son framework de nombreuses bibliothèques d’algorithmes à implémenter, clé en main. Ces bibliothèques sont à disposition notamment des data scientists. Elle comprend notamment des fonctions pour estimer des forêts aléatoires, des régressions logistiques, des algorithmes de classification, et les machines à vecteurs de support.
Complex polytopeIn geometry, a complex polytope is a generalization of a polytope in real space to an analogous structure in a complex Hilbert space, where each real dimension is accompanied by an imaginary one. A complex polytope may be understood as a collection of complex points, lines, planes, and so on, where every point is the junction of multiple lines, every line of multiple planes, and so on. Precise definitions exist only for the regular complex polytopes, which are configurations.
